Learning CHEMISTRY for IIT JEE

Chapters - Modern Chemistry for Class XI by Dr. S.P. Jauhar

2012-03-31T01:30:00.000-07:00

1. Some basic concepts of chemistry

Notes

2. States of Matter

Notes

3. Atomic Structure

Notes

4. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

5. First Law of Thermodynamics and Chemical Energetics

Notes

6. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Notes

7. Equilibrium I – Equilibrium Process and Phase Equilibria

Notes

8. Equilibrium II – Ionic Equilibrium in Solutions

Notes

9. Redox Reactions

Notes

10. Principles and Processes of Extraction of Elements

Notes

11. Hydrogen

12. s-Block Elements

Notes

13. Some p-Block Elements

Notes

14. Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles

15. Hydrocarbons

Alkanes - Revision Notes

Alkenes

Alkynes

Aromatics - Benzene

16. Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

17. Organic Compounds with Functional Groups Containing Halogens

Alkyl halides

18. Environmental Pollution

Chapters - Modern Chemistry for Class XII by Dr. S.P. Jauhar

2012-03-30T01:27:00.000-07:00

1. Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding

2. Solid State

3. Solutions

4. Chemical Thermodynamics

5. Electrochemistry

6. Chemical Kinetics

7. Surface Chemistry

8. p-Block Elements

9. d and f -Block Elements

10. Co-ordination Compounds and Organometallics

11. Nuclear Chemistry

A Preview of Organic Chemistry

12. Stereochemistry

13. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Oxygen - I (Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers)

14. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Oxygen – II (Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives)

15. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Nitrogen (Nitro, Amino, Cyano and Diazo Compounds)

16. Polymers

17. Biomolecules

18. Chemistry in Everyday Life

Chemistry Lecture Video

2012-01-25T22:24:00.001-08:00

Chemistry lecture videos collection is being trasferred from Knol to a blog along with this knol.

Videos for IIT JEE Chemistry

Inductive Effect in Organic Chemistry Reaction - Lec 1 Video

2011-12-17T07:21:00.000-08:00

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQLcjlvwDbs

Inductive Effect in Organic Chemistry Reaction - Lec 2 Video

2011-12-17T07:18:00.000-08:00

________________

________________

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zlwf9c2f_SI

Inductive Effect in Organic Chemistry Reaction - Lec 3 Video

2011-12-17T07:15:00.000-08:00

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________________

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYPresblKW4

Functional Groups of Organic Compounds Defined - Video

2011-12-17T07:12:00.001-08:00

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4lIp0Z1mVg

Skeletal Structures of Organic Molecules - Video

2011-12-17T06:50:00.000-08:00

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_________________

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RP6AS7XVIC8

IUPAC Nomenclature of Simple Organic Compounds - Video

2011-12-17T06:45:00.000-08:00

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXcrQn3rUhY

Blog Status 15.12.2011

2011-12-15T05:55:00.000-08:00

Rearranging the blog. Creating a homepage that will stay at the top and gives links for each chapter of the textbook by Jauhar. That way study plan and revision points for each chapter can be accessed more easily. Also some updating of the posts will be done.

Performance of the blog

2011-11-25T19:00:00.000-08:00

26.11.2011

Page views last month: 6,654

Now trying to watch the performance of my blogs.
I focused on writing on Knol and the total page views have gone up to 108,000 page views per month for one Knol account. What is the performance of my blogs? Let me record and see.

QuasiCrystals - Nobel Prize Winning Concept

2011-10-08T08:24:00.001-07:00

Have a look at the various videos explaining the new concept in Chemistry/Physics.
http://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gif
Knol article by Narayana Rao on quasicrystals

Reversible Polymerization Reaction

2011-09-07T08:58:00.000-07:00

some polymerization reactions are reversible. There is interest in reverse polymerization from Green chemistry angle. Also recently, it was proved by a Mumbai scientist, the a protein that form oligomers can be converted back into monomers by creating situation suitable for reverse polymerization. So concepts one learns in XI or XII class have applications in very important issues related human life.

Look at this small abstract

http://leishman.conference-services.net/resources/266/2152/pdf/32APS_0272.pdf

Chemistry Videos - Knol Book

2011-05-13T19:06:00.000-07:00

Chemistry Videos - Knol Book will provide number of video lessons for various chapters of Chemistry.

Knol provides an easy way to provide material in a chapter form compared to blog.
Many chapters are added to the book.

Videos For IIT JEE Chemistry - New Blog Opened

2011-04-24T01:19:00.000-07:00

The new blog Videos For IIT JEE Chemistry was opened to collect all relevant videos into a single blog and provide index for the same. The videos will also be indicated in the various posts in this blog.

The World of Chemistry - Attraction and Repulsion - Video

2011-04-24T00:45:00.000-07:00

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IIT JEE Preparation Guide - Knol Book

2010-12-21T04:06:00.000-08:00

IIT JEE Preparation Guide - Knol Book

Organic Chemistry - Basic Concepts, Points, and Principles

2010-06-27T06:32:00.001-07:00

1. Modern definition of the organic chemistry: Chemistry of the hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

2. Catenation: property of an atom to form bonds with atoms of the same element is called catenation. Carbon shows maximum catenation in its group (group 14) in the periodic table. Hence carbon atoms form linear chains, branched chains and rings of different sizes.

3. Sigma and Pi bonds: When there is a double bond between two carbon atoms, one is a sigma bond and one is Pi bond.

4. Organic compounds are represented by structural formula, bond line structural representation.
5. Three dimensional representations of organic compounds include solid and dash wedged formula, Fischer projection, Newmann projection, Sawhorse projection formulae etc.
6. Models can be employed to visualize bonds of organic compounds. There are framework models, ball and stick model, and space filling model.
7. Functional group: Functional groups of structural features within a molecule that determine its reactivity. Thus a functional group is a group of atoms within a molecule that has a charateristic chemical behaviour. For illustration, the simplest functional group is the carbon-carbon double bond. Similarly carbon-carbon triple bond will be another functional group.
8. The important functional groups are:
Alkyl halide, Alcohols, Ethers, Amines, Thiol, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acids, Esters, Acid halides, Amides, Nitriles.
9. Homologous Series: A series of similarly constituted compounds containing the same functional group and hae similar chemical charateristics.
10.Nomenclature of organic compounds: There are two systems. In trivial system, the organic compounds were named after the source from which they were obtained and other bases are also used. There is no systematic basis. IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) developed a system of nomenclature.
11. Isomerism: Organic compounds exhibit isomerism. Isomerism is a phenomenon that describes the fact two compounds having same molecular formula have different physical and chemical properties.
12. Structural isomerism and stereo isomerism are two major categories in isomerism.
13. Benzene ring: Benzene is an organic compound that is represented as having six carbon atoms in the form of a hexagon with three double bonds in the alternative positions. It molecular formula is C6H6.
14. Aromatic compounds are those which contain one or more benzene rings in them. Aromatic compounds have two main parts. Nucleus, the benzene ring and an alkyl or aliphatic group containing at least one carbon atom attached to the nucleus.
15. The organic compounds which contain only hydrogen and carbon are hydrocarbons.
16. Hydrocarbons are broardly divided into four types. 1. Alkanes 2. Alkenes 3. Alkynes 4. Arenes
17. In alkanes, there are only carbon-carbon single bonds. Both open chain and closed chain (ring) alkanes are there.
18. In alkenes, there are carbon-carbon double bonds apart from some double bonds.
19. In alkynes, there are carbon-carbon triple bonds apart from single or double bonds.
20. Arenes have at least one special type of hexagonal ring of carbon atoms with three double bonds and three single bonds in alternative positions. The ring is called benzene ring.

To be continued and more points to be added.

Trigonal Bipyramid - Molecular Shape

2010-05-29T08:00:00.000-07:00

You can buy a chemistry model box and prepare these models by yourself to get a better understanding of molecular shapes it you want.

For details please mail to kvssnrao50 at the rate of gmail.com. I shall inform you the source from which it will be available. I am not involved in selling in it.

IIT JEE Ranks and IIT and Branch Expectations 2010

2010-05-27T14:02:00.000-07:00

For 2009 Opening and Closing Ranks for Each branch at each IIT

1 to 47 ---- IIT Bombay Computer Science
6 to 111 --- IIT Delhi Computer Science
2 to 127 --- IIT Kanpur Computer Science
74-402 --- IIT Kharagpur Computer Science
39 - 157 --- IIT Madras Computer Science

For details of each IIT and branches visit
http://www.askiitians.com/iit-jee-2009-rank.aspx

Fundamental Models of Molecular Structure

2010-05-17T21:26:00.000-07:00

Lewis Dot Model
VSEPR
Atomic Orbitals
Molecular Orbitals
Hybridization
Resonance

Detailed coverage and youtube videos

A chapter in Organic Chemistry Book. Visit the book

JEE 2010 Paper and Solutions

2010-05-04T23:20:00.000-07:00

Paper and Solutions Provided by Resonance - Paper 1

Paper - 2

2011 - International Year of Chemistry

2010-03-01T04:34:00.000-08:00

Remember 2011 is international year of Chemistry

Copernicium - Atomic Number 112

2010-03-01T04:28:00.000-08:00

The heaviest chemical element with the atomic number 112 has officially been named Copernicium. Its symbol is Cn. It was discoverd in Germany on 9th February 1996 by an international team of scientists.

The Recommendations will be published in the March issue of the IUPAC journal Pure and Applied Chemistry and is available online at Pure Appl. Chem., 2010, Vol. 82, No. 3, pp. pp 753-755 (doi: 10.1351/PAC-REC-09-08-20).

Reference

http://www.iupac.org/web/nt/2010-02-20_112_Copernicium

Press Release Dated 19 February 2010.

http://www.iupac.org/news/archives/2010/Element_112_Press_Release.pdf

National Science Day - 28th February

2010-02-27T20:40:00.001-08:00

Today is National Science Day of India.

Learn your science subjects with more commitment. Try to understand things in depth. As an engineer, you need to find new solutions based on existing scientific as well as new theories.

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-k-v-s-s/national-science-day-india-28th-february/2utb2lsm2k7a/2346#

You need to keep interest in science even after you become an engineer.

Polymers and Their Monomers

2010-02-20T23:08:00.000-08:00

Polymer - Monomers

Homopolymers (Only one monomer)

Cellulose – Glucose
Natural rubber – Isoprene (2-metyl-1, 3-butadiene)

Neoprene - Chloroprene
Nylon-6 - caprolactum

Polyacrylonytrile (PAN) or Orlon – Vinyl cyanide (acrylonitrile)
Polyethelene - Ethylene (Ethene)
(Popularly polythene)
Polyethyl acrylate (PEA) - ethyl acrylate
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) – Methyl methacrylate
Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) - chlorotri-fluoroehtylene
Polypropylene – Propylene
Polystyrene or Styron – styrene
Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon or PTFE) - tetrafluoroethylene
Polyvinyl chloride – Vinyl chloride
Proteins - Alpha-Amino acids

Starch - Glucose

Copolymers (Two different monomers)

Bakelyte (Phenol formaldehyde resin) - Phenol and Formaldehyde
Buna-S - 1,3-butadiene and styrene
Dacron (Polyster) - Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol
Glyptal - ethylene glycol and phthalic acid
Melamine polymer (Melamine formaldehyde) - Melamine and fromaldyhyde
Nylon-66 - Hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid
Saran - vinyl choride and vinylidene chloride
Styrene-butadiene rubber - styrene and 1,3-butadiene
Thiokol - 1,2 dichlorlethene (ethylene dichloride) and sodium polysulphide
Terylene - ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid

Difference Between a Metal and Polymer

2010-02-20T22:19:00.000-08:00

In the chapter in polymers, it is explained that polymers are compounds of very high molecular masses formed by the combination of a large number of simple molecules. Simple example of a polymer is polyethelene. This polymer is formed by the compound formation between molecules of ethelene. The molecules of ethylene in the case of formation of polymer are referred to as monomers.

But what is the difference between a metal and polymer?

Metal

At a molecular level, the basic units that make up a metallic structure are relatively small and uniform in size. Consequently, they readily arrange into a structure that is very regular and predictable. Material scientists call these structures as crystalline solids.

Polymer

The smallest unit in a polymeric material is a very large molecule with an extended chain shape. (Remember linear chains, branched chains and cross linked chains). Even the smallest polymer molecule will be about 50 times more massive than the heaviest naturally occurring unit in a metallic structure. These polymer molecules can twist, turn, fold, and entangle in almost unlimited variations (Remember the point regarding straightening of chains due to stretching). In addition, not all of these molecules are of the same size. The smallest molecule in any random sample of plastic is often a thousand times smaller than the largest, which increases the possibilities for local variation in the structure of a material.

In a metal there ionic forces between free flowing electrons and the positive charged nucleuses that hold the metal together. In a polymer there are covalent bonds between molecules of various sizes, with each molecule being polymer of number of monomers.

Top Down and Bottom Up Learning

2010-02-09T22:59:00.000-08:00

Top Down learning is studying a lesson first and then solving problems. Most of the time you are doing it in all complex subjects and topics.

Bottom Up learning is trying to solve a problem and finding new issues which are to be used in solving the problem. Everybody needs to engage in bottom up learning also. Top down is not sufficient.

Solve all problems of past JEE examinations at least five years 2009, 2008,2007,2006 and 2005 and engage in bottom up learning.

Now it is the time.

Chemistry Specific Topics Tested in IIT JEE 2009 Paper II

2010-02-01T19:40:00.000-08:00

1. Migration of H and CH3 groups in intermediate reaction compound when a positive carbon ion is present.

Migrating nature of H is more than CH3.

2. The spin only magnetic moment value

The spin only magnetic moment value (in Bohr magneton units) of Cr(CO)6 is -
(A) 0 (B) 2.84
(C) 4.90 (D) 5.92

Answer A

CO is a strong field ligand.

3. Stability order of resonance structures

The species with incomplete octet are less stable.

4. k = Ae^(–Ea/RT)

For a first order reaction A→P, the temperature (T) dependent rate constant(k) was found to follow the equation logk = – (2000)(1/T) + 6.0
The pre-exponential factor A and the activation energy E_aa, respectively, are -

Answer:
1.0 × 10⁶6 s^-1 and 38.3 kJ mol^-1

5. Identifying bonding patterns and single and double bonds

The nitrogen oxide(s) that contain(s) N-N bond(s) is (are) -

(A) N2O (B) N2O3
(C) N2O4 (D) N2O5

Answer: A,B, and C

6. Sugars : Identifying reducing sugar and nonreducing sugar and glucosidic linkages in the given compounds

7. Identifying the amine in a given reaction

In the reaction
2X + B2H6 → [BH2(X)2]⁺ [BH4]^-

amine (X) is (are)

8. Identifying state functions

Among the following, the state function(s) is (are)-
(A) Internal energy (B) Irreversible expansion work
(C) Reversible expansion work (D) Molar enthalpy

Answer A and D

9 Identifying the scope for spontaneous reaction

10. Reactions of metals with acids

Column I
(A ) Cu + dil HNO3
(B) Cu + conc HNO3
(C) Zn + dil HNO3
(D) Zn + conc HNO3

Matching is to be done with output of the reaction (various compounds)

11. Identifying compounds that are produced from given reactions

(p) Nucleopilic substitution
(q) Elimination
(r) Nucleophilic addition
(s) Esterification with acetic anhydride
(t) Dehydrogenation

Compounds are presented as line diagram format

12. coordination number

The coordination number of Al in the crystalline state of AlCl3 is –

13. Oxidation number
The oxidation number of Mn in the product of alkaline oxidative fusion of MnO2 is –

14. Emission of alpha and Beta particles in a nuclear reaction

The total number of α and β particles emitted in the nuclear reaction U[238,92]
→ Pb[214,82] is –

15. pH of a solution

The dissociation constant of a substituted benzoic acid at 25ºC is 1.0 × 10^-4. The pH of a 0.01M solution of its sodium salt is –

16. organometallic compounds structure

The number of water molecule(s) directly bonded to the metal centre in CuSO4. 5H2O is –

17. Molecular weight and kinetic energy

At 400 K, the root mean square (rms) speed of a gas X (molecular weight = 40) is equal to the most probable speed of gas Y at 60 K. The molecular weight of the gas Y is -

18. Number of Isomers

The total number of cyclic structural as well as stereo isomers possible for a compound with the molecular formula C5H10 is-

19. Enthalpy of Combustion of Gas

In a constant volume calorimeter, 3.5 g of a gas with molecular weight 28 was burnt in excess oxygen at 298.0 K. The temperature of the calorimeter was found to increase from 298.0 K to 298.45 K due to the combustion process. Given that the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 2.5 kJ K^-1, the numerical value for the enthalpy of combustion of the gas in kJ mol^-1 is-

Answer 9

Chemistry Topics Tested in IIT JEE 2009 Question Paper I

2010-02-01T16:02:00.000-08:00

1. Van Der Waal's Equation for Real Gases

2. Writing compound name of 2-Bromo-5-hydroxybenzonitrile given the pictorial view of the molecule.

(Cyanide group has higher priority than phenol. Hence correct IUPAC name is

2-Bromo-5-hydroxybenzonitrile)

3. Atomic mass of an element having isotopes

Given that the abundances of isotopes 54Fe, 56Fe and 57Fe are 5%, 90% and 5 %, respectively, the atomic mass of Fe is -

(A) 55.85 (B) 55.95

[Ans. B]

4. Polymers

Among cellulose, poly(vinyl chloride), nylon and natural rubber, the polymer in which the intermolecular

force of attraction is weakest is -

(A) Nylon (B) Poly(vinyl chloride)

[Ans. D]

Sol. Natural rubber is an example of elastomers, which has weakest intermolecular forces (dispersion forces).

5. Henry's Law

The solubility of a gas is related to its pressure by Henry's law.

The mass of a gas dissolved per unit volume of the solvent at a given temperature is proportional to the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the solution.

m = Kp

m = mass of the gas dissolved in a unit volume of the solvent.

p = is the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the solution

K = proportionality constant

Alternative statement

The pressure of a gas over a solution in which the gas is dissolved is proportional to the mole fraction of the gas dissolved in the solution.

p = Kx

p = partial vapour pressure

x = mole fraction of the gas in the solvent

K = Henry's law constant

Problem

The Henry's law constant for the solubility of N2 gas in water at 298 K is 1.0 × 10⁵

atm. The mole fraction of N2 in air is 0.8. The number of moles of N2 from air dissolved in 10 moles of water at 298 K and 5 atm

pressure is -

Answer: 4.0 × 10^-4

6. Acidity order of aromatic carboxylic acids and phenol

Benzoic acid (–COOH) is more acidic than phenol. Electron withdrawing group increase acidic nature &

electron donating group decrease acidity.

7. Among the electrolytes Na2SO4, CaCl2, Al2(SO4)3 and NH4Cl, the most effective coagulating agent for

Sb2S3 sol is -

Sb2S3 is negatively charged sols. Because of the formation higher positive charge ions coagulating power

of Al2(SO4)3 is the highest

8. Reactions of Phosphorous

The reaction of P4 with X leads selectively to P4O6. The X is -

(A) Dry O2 (B) A mixture of O2 and N2

Answer B

P4 is converted to P4O6 in the presence of limited supply of oxygen.

9. Reactions of Sodium

The compound(s) formed upon combustion of sodium metal in excess air is(are) -

10. Defects of Solids

The correct statement(s) regarding defects in solids is(are) -

(A) Frenkel defect is usually favoured by a very small difference in the size of cation and anion

(B) Frenkel defect is a dislocation defect

(D) Schottky defects have no effect on the physical properties of solids

Answers: B,C

11. Geometrical isomerism of organometallic compounds

12. Stereoisomers

The correct statement(s) about the compound H3C(HO)HC–CH=CH–CH(OH)CH3 (X) is (are)

(A) The total number of stereoisomers possible for X is 6

(B) The total number of diastereomers possible for X is 3

(D) If the stereochemistry about the double bond in X is cis, the number of enantiomers possible for X is 2

Answer: A,D

13. Anilines

p-Amino-N, N-dimethylaniline is added to a strongly acidic solution of X. The resulting solution is treated

with a few drops of aqueous solution of Y to yield blue coloration due to the formation of methylene blue.

Treatment of the aqueous solution of Y with the reagent potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) leads to the

formation of an intense blue precipitate. The precipitate dissolves on excess addition of the reagent.

Similarly, treatment of the solution of Y with the solution of potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) leads to a

brown coloration due to the formation of Z.

Questions: Find compound X,Y and Z

14. Carbonyl Compounds

A carbonyl compound P, which gives positive iodoform test, undergoes reaction with MeMgBr followed

by dehydration to give an olefin Q. Ozonolysis fo Q leads to a dicarbonyl compound R, Which undergoes

intramolecular aldol reaction to give predominantly S.

Questions asked on Structure of P,Q,R and S

15. Attaching these properties to elements in matching

(p) Paramagnetic

(q) Undergoes oxidation

(r) Undergoes reduction

(s) Bond order ≥ 2

(t) Mixing of 's' and 'p' orbitals

16. Matching of characteristic reactions with compounds

(p) Reduction with H2/Pd-C

(q) Reduction with SnCl2/HCl

(r) Development of foul smell on treatment with chloroform and

alcoholic KOH

(s) Reduction with disobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL-H)

(t) Alkaline hydrolysis

Compounds

(A) CH3CH2CH2CN, (B) CH3CH2OCOCH3, (C) CH3 – CH = CH – CH2OH, (D) CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2

For question paper

http://ankurmittal.com/solutions/paper1_solutioin.pdf

IIT JEE Chemistry Concepts Revision Materials

2009-12-29T02:36:00.001-08:00

The full list of links to various posts of revision materials is being assembled on google knol platform as it is more easy on it.

Visit

IIT JEE Chemistry Concepts Revision Materials

The links will direct you to this blog. Right click on the required links to read the points.

Revision Facilitator - Organic Chemistry - Special Reactions

2009-10-09T08:12:00.000-07:00

Compiling links for various special reactions in organic chemistry in an article on google knol. On google knol linking is more easy.

http://knol.google.com/k/kvss/iit-jee-revision-organic-chemistry-some/1zb6eis38d7or/20

The links redirect you to this blog only for the post having the material on the reaction.

Some More Articles on Chemistry on Knol Platform

2009-07-30T10:06:00.000-07:00

I collected some more articles on chemistry on the knol platform

Knol sub-directory – new knols - chemistry
http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-kvss/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/1537#

Presently these articles are not exclusive to IIT JEE. I shall motivate authors to write articles focused on JEE topics and then give a list of articles exclusively useful to JEE.

This list is a list of all new knols on chemistry. From this list I shall periodically select interesting knols and transfer them to interesting knol list.

Chemistry Articles in Knol - Google's Article Site

2009-07-23T22:08:00.000-07:00

Knol is google's article site. Many professors and teachers are writing various articles in the site.

Presently there are 250,000 articles.
I am collecting interesting articles from them in the areas chemistry, mathematics and physics and arranging them into a directory for easy access by IIT JEE aspirants.

Knol Sub-Directory - Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics

Interesting Chemistry Articles for Download

2009-07-18T21:26:00.000-07:00

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-kvss/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/1448#

A list of many intersting articles for download. There are more articles on knol platform. You can further search on knol of topic of your interest.

Hydroboration Oxidation of Alkenes

2009-07-05T08:51:00.000-07:00

Alkenes react with diborane (B2H6) and form trialkyl boranes.
Trialkylboranes then react with H2O2 and give alcohols.

Due to this reaction Propene is converted to alcohol

H3C-CH=CH2 is converted to H3C-CH2-CH2OH

The final result of this raction is the addition of a water molecule to the double bond of the molecule in a direction opposite to that of Markownikov rule.

This reaction was discovered by Herbert C. Brown, who was awared Nobel prize in 1980 for the synthetic use of the reaction.

Muffle Furnace

2009-06-07T20:21:00.001-07:00

The relevant meaning of muffle to understand what is muffle furnace.

(v. t.) A small oven for baking and fixing the colors of painted or printed pottery, without exposing the pottery to the flames of the furnace or kiln.
(v. t.) An earthenware compartment or oven, often shaped like a half cylinder, used in furnaces to protect objects heated from the direct action of the fire, as in scorification of ores, cupellation of ore buttons, etc.

http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/muffle/

A muffle furnace is a (usually) front-loading box-type oven or kiln
for high-temperature applications (up to 1200 C) such as fusing glass,
creating enamel coatings, etc.

Noble Prize Winners in Chemistry from 2001 - IIT JEE - Extra-curricular Study

2009-05-15T08:25:00.000-07:00

Year - Scientist/Chemist

2001 - K. Barry Sharpless (US), William S. Knowles, (US), Ryoji Noyori (Japan)

2002 - JOhn B. Fenn (US), Kurt Wuthrich (Swiss), Koichi Tanaka(Japan)

2003 - Peter Agre, Roderick Mackinnon , US

2004 - Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko (Both Israel). Irwin Rose (USA)

2005 - Yves Chauvin (France), Robert H. Grubbs, Richard H. Schrock (both US)

2006

2007

2008

IIT JEE Memory Skills - Rote Learning

2009-05-07T23:30:00.000-07:00

Rote Learning

Rote learning is a learning technique which avoids understanding the inner complexities and inferences of the subject that is being learned and instead focuses on memorizing the material so that it can be recalled by the learner exactly the way it was read or heard. In other words, it is learning "just for the test".

The major practice involved in rote learning techniques is learning by repetition, based on the idea that one will be able to recall the meaning of the material the more they repeat it. However, in many fields, especially mathematics and related disciplines, this can often produce poor results.

Rote learning is also referred to as parrot fashion, regurgitation or mugging. However, with some material rote learning is the only way to learn it in a timely manner. For example, when learning the alphabets, the vocabulary of a foreign language or the conjugation of foreign irregular verbs, since they have no inner structure or their inner complexity is too subtle to be learned explicitly in a short time.

http://www.k12academics.com/educational-psychology/rote-learning

Rote learning is the least efficient memory aid. Most people cannot remember rote-learned information for very long.

What is the important point to be noted by JEE aspirants? When you are studying for the first time make sure you understand the meaning of every sentence in the lesson. You will be able to recall information better when you have understood the meaning of every sentence and word? Why can you recall better. Because memory is related to association. When you say you understood a word or sentence, you are able express the word in a picture that represents the word or you are able to express it in a different word that is more familiar to you. So in either case you are associating the new word or a sentence with word and pictures which are already your memory and this helps in better recall.

Rote learning works better when the material has built-in memory cues of its own.

Rehearsal is an important part of rote learning. You have to make sure to schedule adequate time for it in your study schedule.

Rote by Rhythm and Rhyme

Rhythm and rhyme are built-in memory aids. If you can write your sentences with with rhyming words. That will help you in recollecting the material fast.

Rote by Tune
If information can be arranged into a familiar tune you will recollect it more easily.

Rote and rewrite

Generally writing something over and over is a poor memory strategy. Not much sinks in.

But writing may help in remembering spelling.

Also as explaining a concept to yourself helps in memorizing it and you can write down your explanation. That will help you to review your own explanation and also helps in memorizing it. In writing your explanation, you can build in rhythm, rhyme, tune, cue words into the writeup.

Interesting Post

http://rationalmathed.blogspot.com/2009/04/memorizing-vs-rote-learning-drilling.html

IIT JEE Memory Skills

2009-05-07T02:15:00.000-07:00

I just located a book on memory skills in our library.

It is a book by World Book Inc. pub in 1986. the material is interesting. I shall write about the various techniques given in the books in future posts.

Memory by rote
Rote with no aids
Rote by rhythm and rhyme
Rote by tune
Rote with games
Rote and rewrite
Inside joggers
Mental pictures
Chunking
Renaming
Key words
Linked sentences
First-letter cues
Acrostics
Acronyms
memory pairs
Clusters
Peg systems
Rhyming peg words
Alpha pegs
The Phonetic system
Phonetics and Peg words
Plotting points
points to write by
Points to speak by
Story chaining
Outside joggers
Flash cards
Cue cards

Experience
Math aids
Use your fingers
Use props
Marbles, Buttons, pebbles or pennies
Card board figures

CBSE XI and XII Chemistry Syllabus - 2009 PDF file

2009-05-04T23:45:00.000-07:00

Download from CBSE site
http://www.cbse.nic.in/curric~1/chem.pdf

IIT JEE Detailed Chapter Study Plans for Chemistry

2009-05-03T00:52:00.000-07:00

I completed preparing detailed study plans for all chapters of chemistry. You can visit them through the label Jauhar chapter study guide.

The same study plan is applicable to AIEEE also as this time I used CBSE syllabus as the basis for developing yearly study plans.

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Plans - Progress

2009-05-01T18:46:00.000-07:00

I justed posted the study plna for chapter 6, chemical kinetics. I may complete plans for all chapters by tomorrow night. That will complete study plans for all subjects. Once I link all the chapters to the study plan for JEE 2011, the annual plans give you a view of what lies ahead in terms of basic preparation.

I urge all candidates to be ahead of the plan and ask questions regarding the chapter during the planned study period. The benefit - many may be reading the chapters. Hence you will get the answer from somebody.

Cyanide Process or Cyanide Leaching Process of Extracting Gold and Silver

2009-04-22T08:50:00.000-07:00

Mixing the tailings of gold and silver ores with a cyanide solution, or simply spraying the tailings with a cyanide solution, would cause a chemical reaction to take place. When gold and silver come in contact with cyanide, they it liquefy. Now the gold-silver-cyanide solution can be drained off and processed further.
Another chemical reaction is put to work to separate the cyanide solution from the liquid gold and silver. Zinc is mixed with this solution, which causes the gold and silver to return to a solid form.

Now there is a solid of gold, silver, and zinc. Yet another chemical reaction is used to remove the zinc. Sulphuric acid dissolves the zinc and leaves just the gold-silver mixture.

From this gold-silver solid, gold and silver are separated by further processing.

http://www.bodie.com/st/cyanide.asp

IIT JEE Chemistry Study Plan Chapter 16. Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

2009-04-20T08:25:00.000-07:00

Txt Book Modern's abc of Chemistry CBSE Class XI

Sections in the chapter

16.1 Purification of Organic Compounds
16.2 Qualitative Analysis
16.3 Quantitative Analysis
16.4 Determination of Molecular Mass
16.5 Mass Spectrometer
16.6 Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula
16.7 Modern Methods of Structural Elucidation

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 10
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 20
Short Answer Questions 27
Long Answer Questions 10

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 25
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 5

Study Plan

Day 1

16.1 Purification of Organic Compounds

Day 2
Revision of 16.1
Practice Problems 16.1 to 16.11

Day 3

16.2 Qualitative Analysis
PP. 16. 12 to 16.15

Day 4

16.3 Quantitative Analysis

Day 5
16.3 contd.
PP. 16.13 to 16.18

Day 6
16.4 Determination of Molecular Mass

Day 7

16.5 Mass Spectrometer
16.6 Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula
Example 16.13 to 16.20

Day 8
Example 16.21 to 16.25
16.7 Modern Methods of Structural Elucidation
PP. 16.19 to 16.25

Day 9
PP. 16.26 to 16.32
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14

Day 10
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 10
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 20

Day 11
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 27

Day 12
Competition File: Objective Questions: 25

Day 13
Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File: True or False: 5

Day 14
Revision of concepts

Day 15
Revision of concepts

IIT JEE 2011 Study Plan for Chemistry

2009-04-19T10:08:00.000-07:00

The two year study plan is posted in the following links

2009-10 XI portion
http://iit-jee-2011.blogspot.com/2009/04/iit-jee-2011-chemistry-annual-study_15.html

2010-11 XII portion

http://iit-jee-2011.blogspot.com/2009/04/iit-jee-2011-chemistry-annual-study.html

IIT JEE Chemistry Study Guide - Introduction

2009-03-12T08:34:00.001-07:00

The study guides for each chapter are study plans for the chapter. They are based on the text book on Chemistry Dr. S.P. Jauhar for CBSE course XI and XII.

The publishers are
Modern Publishers
Gulab Bhawan
6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi - 110 002
Ph. 23317931

The study plan is complete the study of the entire book of a class XI or XII during the period 1 May 20xx to 31 December 20xx.

The plan gives the core study and problem solving structure. The student will have examinations etc. during his course at the school as well as coaching institutes. These examinations provide opportunity to him to read the material for the purpose of remembering and recollecting. Examinations provide him the practice. January to April of the year can be devoted to revision for the final examinations as well as for answering various test papers.

JEE - Study Guide - 1. Some basic concepts of chemistry

2009-03-11T02:17:00.000-07:00

Chapter 1 of Modern Chemistry for Class XI by Dr. S.P. Jauhar

Contents

1.1 Importance of Studying Chemistry
1.2 Physical quantities and their S.I. Units
1.3 Dimensional Analysis
1.4 Measurement and Significant Figures
1.5 Chemical Classification of Matter
1.6 Laws of Chemical Combination
1.7 Dalton Atomic Theory
1.8 Avogadro's Hypothesis
1.9 Atoms and Molecules
1.10 Atomic and Molecular Mass
1.11 Mole Concept
1.12 Mass-Mole Conversions
1.13 Percentage Composition and Molecular Formula
1.14 Stoichiometry of Chemical Equations
1.15 Stoichiometric Calculations
1.16 Limiting Reactant
1.17 Solution Stoichiometry
1.18 Stoichiometry of of Reactions in Solutions

The chapter is 100 pages

Study Plan

Basic plan is that each chapter is to be completed in 20 days. First 10 days theory portion is to be completed. Next 10 days, some revision of theory portion is to be done and some problems have to be done. In total 20 days all problems in the chapter have to be done. You have to mark all problems which you feel are difficult problems for a revision at a later date and for examinations.

Day 1

1.1 Importance of Studying Chemistry
1.2 Physical quantities and their S.I. Units
1.3 Dimensional Analysis

Ex. 1.1 to 1.5

Day 2

1.4 Measurement and Significant Figures
Ex. 1.6 to 1.14
Practce Problems 1.1 to 1.5

Day 3

1.5 Chemical Classification of Matter
1.6 Laws of Chemical Combination
Ex. 1.15 to 1.19
Practice Problems 1.9 to 1.12

Day 4

1.7 Dalton Atomic Theory
1.8 Avogadro's Hypothesis
1.9 Atoms and Molecules
1.10 Atomic and Molecular Mass

Ex. 1.20 to 1.23
Practice Problems 1.17 to 1.20

Day 5
P.P 1.21 to 1.25
P.P 1.26 to 1.30

Day 6

1.11 Mole Concept
Ex. 1.24 t0 1.25
1.12 Mass-Mole Conversions
Ex. 1.26 to 1.32

Day 7
Ex. 1.33 to 1.44

Day 8
P.P 1.31 to 1.45

Day 9

1.13 Percentage Composition and Molecular Formula
Ex. 1.45 to 1.52

Day 10
P.P. 1.46 ot 1.53
1.14 Stoichiometry of Chemical Equations

Day 11
Ex. 1.52 to 1.54
P.P. 1.54 to 1.55

Day 12
1.15 Stoichiometric Calculations

ex. 1.55 to 1.71

Day 13
P.P. 1.56 to 63
1.16 Limiting Reactant
Ex. 1.72 to 1.73

Day 14

1.17 Solution Stoichiometry
Ex. 1.74 to 1.80
P.P. 1.64 to 1.70

Day 15
1.18 Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solutions
Ex. 1.81 to 1.84
P.P. 1.71 to 1.75

Revision Period

Day 16

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 23

Day 17
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 1 to 10

Day 18

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 11 to 20

Day 19
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 1 to 15

Day 20
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 16 to 30

Day 21
Revision Exercises :Short Answer Questions 1 to 10

Day 22
Revision Exercises :Short Answer Questions 11 to 20

Day 23
Competition File: Illustration Problems: 1 to 5

Day 24
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 1 to 8
Day 25
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 9 to 16
Day 26
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 17 to 25
Day 27
Competition File: Objective Questions: 1 to 20
Day 28
Competition File: Objective Questions: 21 to 40

Day 29
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 30
Concept Review
Formula Review

Problems have to be included

JEE - Study Guide - 2. States of Matter

2009-03-11T02:16:00.000-07:00

Contents

2.1 Intermolecular forces Versus thermal Energy of the three States of Matter
2.2 Measurable Properties of Gases
2.3 Gas Laws
Examples: 2.1 to 2.3
P.P 2.1 to 2.5
Example 2.4 to 2.7
P.P. 2.6 to 2.10
Ex. 2.8 to 2.19
P.P 2.11 to 2.23

2.4 Some Problems inolving Chemical Equations
Ex. 2.20 to 2.23
P.P 2.24 to 2.28
Ex. 2.24 to 2.27
P.P 2.29 to 37
Ex. 2.28 to 2.30
P.P 2.29 to 37
P.P. 2.38 to 2.45

2.6 Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
2.7 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Molecular Speeds
Ex. 2.31 to 2.35
P.P. 2.46 to 2.51

2.8 Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior - Real Gases
Ex. 2.36 to 2.39
P.P. 2.52, 2.53

2.9 Liquifaction of Gases and the Critical Phenomena
Ex. 2.40 to 2.41

Liquid State of Matter

2.10 Kinetic Molecular Model For Liquids
2.11 Properties of Liquids
Ex. 2.42, 2.43
P.P. 2.54 to 2.56

Solid State of Matter
2.12 Characteristics of Solids
2.13 Classification of Solids
2.14 size and Share of Crystals
2.15 types of Solids on the Basis of Binding Forces
2.16 Intermolecular Forces

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 15
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 25
Short Answer Questions 35
Long Answer Questions 6

Competition File
Numerical Problems 30
Objective Questions: 50
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

2.1 Intermolecular forces Versus thermal Energy of the three States of Matter
2.2 Measurable Properties of Gases
2.3 Gas Laws
Examples: 2.1 to 2.3

Day 2
P.P 2.1 to 2.5
Example 2.4 to 2.7

Day 3
P.P. 2.6 to 2.10
Ex. 2.8 to 2.19

Day 4
P.P 2.11 to 2.23

2.4 Some Problems inolving Chemical Equations
Ex. 2.20 to 2.23

Day 5
P.P 2.24 to 2.28
Ex. 2.24 to 2.27

Day 6
P.P 2.29 to 37
Ex. 2.28 to 2.30

Day 7
P.P. 2.38 to 2.45

2.6 Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

Day 8
2.7 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Molecular Speeds
Ex. 2.31 to 2.35

Day 9
P.P. 2.46 to 2.51

2.8 Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior - Real Gases
Ex. 2.36 to 2.39

Day 10
P.P. 2.52, 2.53
2.9 Liquifaction of Gases and the Critical Phenomena
Ex. 2.40 to 2.41

Day 11
Liquid State of Matter

2.10 Kinetic Molecular Model For Liquids
2.11 Properties of Liquids
Ex. 2.42, 2.43

Day 12
P.P. 2.54 to 2.56

Solid State of Matter
2.12 Characteristics of Solids
2.13 Classification of Solids

Day 13
2.14 size and Share of Crystals
2.15 types of Solids on the Basis of Binding Forces
2.16 Intermolecular Forces

From Revision Period

day 14
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25

Day 15
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 15

Revision Exercises

Day 16
Very Short Answer questions 25

Day 17 & 18
Short Answer Questions 35

Long Answer Questions 6

Competition File

Day 19 & 20
Numerical Problems 30

Day 21 to 23
Objective Questions: 50

Day 24
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

JEE - Study Guide - 3. Atomic Structure

2009-03-11T02:15:00.000-07:00

Text Book
Modern's abc of Chemistry by Dr. S.P. Jauhar for Class XI CBSE

Sections in the Chapter

3.1 Fundamental particles
3.2 Thomson’s Atomic Model
3.3 Rutherford’s Scattering Experiment
3.4 Concept of Atomic Number and Discovery of Neutron
3.5 Developments Leading to the Bohr Model of Atom
3.6 Nature of Light and Electromagnetic Radiation
3.7 Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation and Planck’s Quantum Theory
3.8 Atomic Spectra
3.9 Failure of Rutherford Model
3.10 Concept of Energy Levels or Orbits
3.11 Modern Concept of Structure of an Atom: Quantum Mechanical Model
3.12 Wave Mechanical Model of Atom and Concept of Atomic Orbital
3.13 Quantum Numbers
3.14 Pauli’s Exclusion Principle
3.15 Shapes of Orbitals or Boundary Surface Diagrams
3.16 Energy Level Diagram for Electrons in an Atom
3.17 Electronic Configuration of Atoms

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 35
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 8
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 16
Short Answer Questions 42
Long Answer Questions 3

Competition File
Numerical Problems 20
Objective Questions: 47
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

3.1 Fundamental particles
3.2 Thomson’s Atomic Model
3.3 Rutherford’s Scattering Experiment

Day 2

3.4 Concept of Atomic Number and Discovery of Neutron
Ex. 3.1 to 3.3
Practice Problems 3.1 to 3.9

Day 3

3.5 Developments Leading to the Bohr Model of Atom
3.6 Nature of Light and Electromagnetic Radiation

Ex. 3.4, 3.5,3.6
P.P. 3.10 to 3.15

Day 4

3.7 Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation and Planck’s Quantum Theory
Ex. 3.7 to 3.16

Day 5
P.P 3.16 to 3.24

Day 6
3.8 Atomic Spectra
Ex. 3.17, 3.18
P.P. 3.25 t 3.27

3.9 Failure of Rutherford Model

Day 7
3.9 Failure of Rutherford Model
3.10 Concept of Energy Levels or Orbits
Ex. 3.19 to 3.23
P.P 3.28 to 3.32

Day 8
Bohr’s Theory and Concept of Quantisation
3.11 Modern Concept of Structure of an Atom: Quantum Mechanical Model
Ex. 3.24 to 3.29
P.P. 3.33, 3.34

Day 9

3.12 Wave Mechanical Model of Atom and Concept of Atomic Orbital

3.13 Quantum Numbers
3.14 Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

Day 10
Ex. 3.30 to 3.33
P.P. 3.35 to 3.37

3.15 Shapes of Orbitals or Boundary Surface Diagrams

Day 11

3.16 Energy Level Diagram for Electrons in an Atom
3.17 Electronic Configuration of Atoms

Day 12
P.P 3.38 to 3.46

Revision Period

Day 13
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 1835

Day 14

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 19 to 35

Day 15
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 8

Day 16
Very Short Answer questions 16

Day 17
Short Answer Questions 42

Day 18
Study Competition File

Day 19
Numerical Problems 1 to 10

Day 20
Numerical Problems 19 to 20
Day 21

Objective Questions: 1 to 24

Day 22
Objective Questions: 25 to 47

Day 23

Fill in the blanks: 10

Day 24

True or False: 10

JEE - Study Guide - 4. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

2009-03-11T02:14:00.002-07:00

Text Book of Dr. S.P. Jauhar CBSE Class XI

Sections of the Chapter

4.1 Development of the Periodic Table
4.2 Atomic Number of Modern Periodic Law
4.3 Electronic Configurations of the Elements in the Periodic Table
4.4 The Long form of Periodic Table
4.5 Division of Elements into s, p, d and f-Blocks
4.6 Periodic Properties
4.7 Atomic Radii
4.8 Ionic Radii
4.9 Ionization Enthalpy
4.10 Electron Gain Enthalpy
4.11 Valency

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20

Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 20
Short Answer Questions 40
Long Answer Questions 10

Competition File
Objective Questions: 50
Fill in the blanks: 11
True or False: 11

Study Plan

Day 1

4.1 Development of the Periodic Table
4.2 Atomic Number of Modern Periodic Law
4.3 Electronic Configurations of the Elements in the Periodic Table

Day 2

4.4 The Long form of Periodic Table
4.5 Division of Elements into s, p, d and f-Blocks

Ex. 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Day 3

Practice Problems 4.1 to 4.8

Day 4

4.6 Periodic Properties
4.7 Atomic Radii
4.8 Ionic Radii

Ex. 4.5 to 4.7

Day 5

Practice Problems 4.9 to 4.13

Day 6

4.9 Ionization Enthalpy

Ex. 4.10, 4.11

Day 7

Practice Problems 4.14 to 4.16

4.10 Electron Gain Enthalpy

Day 8

Ex. 4.12 to 4.15
Practice Problems 4.17 to 4.20

Day 9

4.11 Valency
Chapter Round up

Day 10

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20

Day 11

Very Short Answer questions 20

Day 12

Short Answer Questions 1 to 20

Day 13

Short Answer Questions 21 to 40

Day 14

Objective Questions: 1 to 25

Day 15

Objective Questions: 26 to 50

Revision Period

Day 16

Fill in the blanks: 11

Day 17

True or False: 11

Day 18

Long Answer Questions 1 to 3

Day 19

Long Answer Questions 4 to 6

Day 20

Long Answer Questions 7 to 10

Day 21 to Day 30

Revision of the chapter/Extra problems from other books like R.C. Mukherjee.
Use all available time productively to improve your understanding, ability to solve problems and recollection of principles

IIT JEE - Study Guide - 5. First Law of Thermodynamics and Chemical Energetics

2009-03-11T02:14:00.001-07:00

Sections in the Chapter - Jauhar

5.1 Some Basic Terms and Concepts
5.2 Modes of Transference of Energy between System and Surroundings
5.3 Internal Energy and Internal Energy Change
5.4 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
5.5 Law of Conservation of Energy: First Law of Thermodynamics
5.6 Enthalpy and Enthalpy change
5.7 Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
5.8 Heat Capacity
5.9 Measurement of Internal Energy (Delta U) and enthalpy (Delta H) of a Reaction
5.10 Thermochemical Equations
5.11 Enthalpy Changes in Chemical Reactions
5.12 Enthalpy of Formation
5.13 enthalpy of Combustion
5.14 Enthalpy of Neutralization
5.15 Enthalpy of phase Transitions
5.16 Hess’s Law of Constant Heat Summation
5.17 Bond Enthalpy
5.18 Sources of Energy
5.19 Alternative Energy Sources

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 21
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 11
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 20
Short Answer Questions: 32
Long Answer Questions: 6

Competition File
Numerical Problems 15
Objective Questions: 39
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

5.1 Some Basic Terms and Concepts
Ex 5.1
5.2 Modes of Transference of Energy Between System and Surroundings

Day 2

5.3 Internal Energy and Internal Energy Change
5.4 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
5.5 Law of Conservation of Energy: First Law of Thermodynamics
Day 3

5.6 Enthalpy and Enthalpy change
Ex 5.2 to 5.6

Day 4
Practice Problems 5.1 to 5.5
5.7 Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
P.P 5.6, 5.7

Day 5

5.8 Heat Capacity
Ex. 5.7 to 5.9
5.9 Measurement of Internal Energy (Delta U) and enthalpy (Delta H) of a Reaction

Day 6

5.10 Thermochemical Equations
5.11 Enthalpy Changes in Chemical Reactions
5.12 Enthalpy of Formation

Day 7
Ex. 5.11 to 5.14
P.P 5.8 to 5.14

Day 8

5.13 enthalpy of Combustion
Ex. 5.15 to 17
P.P 5.15 to 5.18

Day 9

5.14 Enthalpy of Neutralization
Ex. 5.18
5.15 Enthalpy of phase Transitions
Ex. 5.19, 5.20

Day 10

5.16 Hess’s Law of Constant Heat Summation
Ex. 5.22, 5.23
P.P 5.19 to 5.22

Day 11
Hess’s Law continued
P.P 5.23,
Ex. 5.25
P.P 5.24
Ex. 5.26 to 5.28
P.P. 5.25 to 5.29

Day 12

5.17 Bond Enthalpy
Ex. 5.29 to 5.32

Day 13
P.P 5.30 to 5.33
5.18 Sources of Energy
5.19 Alternative Energy Sources

Day 14
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 21

Day 15

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 5.1 to 5.11

Revision Period Starting

Day 16

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 20

Day 17

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 1 to 16

Day 18
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 16 to 32

Day 19
Competition File: Numerical Problems 1 to 5

Day 20
Competition File: Numerical Problems 6 to 10

Day 21
Competition File: Numerical Problems 11 to 15

Day 22
Objective Questions: 1 to 20

Day 23
Objective Questions: 21 to 39

Day 24

Fill in the blanks: 10

Day 25

True or False: 10

Day 26

Formula Revision

Day 27
Concept Revision

IIT JEE - Study Guide - 6. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

2009-03-11T02:13:00.000-07:00

Content of the Chapter

6.1 Causes of Chemical Combination
6.2 Lewis symbols
6.3 Octet Rule and Modes of Chemical Combination
6.4 Ionic or Electrovalent Bond
6.5 Covalent Bond
6.6 General Properties of Covalent Bond
6.7 Coordinate Covalent Bond
6.8 Formation of Ionic Bond
6.9 Lattice Enthalpy of Ionic Crystals
6.10 Born-Haber Cycle for Lattice Enthalpies
6.11 General Properties of Ionic Bonds
6.12 Geometry of Shapes of Molecules
6.13 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory
6.14 Electronegativity – Polar and Non-Polar Character of Covalent Bonds
6.15 Valence Bond Approach of Covalent Bond
6.16 Bonding Parameters
6.17 Resonance
6.18 Directional Properties of Covalent Bonds
6.19 Metallic Bonding
6.20 Hydrogen Bonding

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 18
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 25
Short Answer Questions: 66
Long Answer Questions: 10

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 51
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Study 18 days, Revision: 11 days

Day 1
6.1 Causes of Chemical Combination
6.2 Lewis symbols
Ex. 6.1
6.3 Octet Rule and Modes of Chemical Combination

Day 2
6.4 Ionic or Electrovalent Bond
Ex. 6.2
Practice Problems 6.1 to 6.2

Day 3
6.5 Covalent Bond

Day 4
6.6 General Properties of Covalent Bond
Ex. 6.3
P.P 6.3 to 6.8

Day 5
6.7 Coordinate Covalent Bond
6.8 Formation of Ionic Bond
6.9 Lattice Enthalpy of Ionic Crystals

Day 6

6.10 Born-Haber Cycle for Lattice Enthalpies
Ex. 6.3 to 6.6

Day 7
P.P. 6.9 to 6.11
6.11 General Properties of Ionic Bonds

Day 8
6.12 Geometry of Shapes of Molecules
6.13 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

Day 9
6.13 contd. Or revision
P.P. 6.12 to 6.14

Day 10
6.14 Electronegativity – Polar and Non-Polar Character of Covalent Bonds
Day 11
6.14 contd. Or Revision
P.P. 6.15 to 6.18

Day 12
6.15 Valence Bond Approach of Covalent Bond

Day 13
6.16 Bonding Parameters

Day 14
6.17 Resonance

Day 15
6.18 Directional Properties of Covalent Bonds

Day 16
6.18 contd.

Day 17
6.19 Metallic Bonding
6.20 Hydrogen Bonding

Day 18

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 18

Revision Begins

Day 19
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 1to 15

Day 20
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 15to 25

Day 21

Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions: 1 to 15

Day 22
Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions: 16 to 30

Day 23
Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions: 31 to 45

Day 24
Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions: 46 to 66

Day 25

Competition File: Objective Questions: 1 to 20

Day 26
Competition File: Objective Questions: 21 to 35
Day 27
Competition File: Objective Questions: 36 to 51

Day 28
Fill in the blanks: 10
Day 29
True or False: 10

JEE - Study Guide - 7. Equilibrium I – Equilibrium Process and Phase Equilibria

2009-03-11T02:12:00.000-07:00

Contents

7.1 Equilibrium and Its dynamic nature
7.2 Equilibrium in Physical Processes
7.3 Equilibria involving Chemical Systems
7.4 Law of Chemical equilibrium and equilibrium Constant
7.5 Types of Chemical Equilibria
7.6 Applications of Equilibrium Constant
7.7 Factors Which change the State of Equilibrium – Le Chatelier’s Principle
7.8 Applications of Le Chatelier’s Principle of Physical Equilibrium

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 10
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 18
Short Answer Questions: 26
Long Answer Questions: 6

Competition File
Numerical Problems:10
Objective Questions: 31
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 6

Study Plan

Regular Study 16 days, Revision: 9 days

Day 1

7.1 Equilibrium and Its dynamic nature
7.2 Equilibrium in Physical Processes

Day 2
7.2 contd.
Ex. 7.1

Day 3
7.3 Equilibria involving Chemical Systems

Day 4
7.4 Law of Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant

Day 5
7.5 Types of Chemical Equilibria
Ex. 7.3

Day 6
7.5 contd.
Ex. 7.4
Day 7
7.6 Applications of Equilibrium Constant
Ex. 7.4 to 7.7

Day 8
Practice Problems 7.1 to 7.8

Day 9
7.6 contd.Ex. 7.8 to 7.19

Day 10
P.P 7.8 to 7.15

Day 11
P.P. 7.16 to 7.22

Day 12
7.7 Factors Which change the State of Equilibrium – Le Chatelier’s Principle

Day 13
7.7 contd.
7.8 Applications of Le Chatelier’s Principle of Physical Equilibrium
Ex. 7.20

Day 14
P.P. 7.23 to 7.28

Day 15

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20

Day 16
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 10

Revision Period Start

Day 17
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 1 to 9

Day 18
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 9 to 18

Day 19
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 1 to 13

Day 20
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 14 to 26

Day 21
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 1 to 10

Day 22
Objective Questions: 1 to 15
Objective Questions: 16 to 31

Day 23
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 6

Day 24
Concept Revision

Day 25
Formula Revision

IIT JEE - Study Guide - 8. Equilibrium II – Ionic Equilibrium in Solutions

2009-03-11T02:11:00.000-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

8.1 Acid-base Concepts
8.2 Acid- base Equilibria and Ionization of Acids and Bases
8.3 Ionization of Water – Ionic Product of Water
8.4 Expressing Hydrogen Ion Concentration – pH Scale
8.5 Polyprotic Acids and Bases
8.6 Hydrolysis of Salts
8.7 Acid base Titrations and Indicators
8.8 Solubility Product
8.9 Buffer Solution

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 18
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 25
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 20
Short Answer Questions 25
Long Answer Questions 9

Competition File
Numerical Problems: 19
Objective Questions: 41
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Regular Study 16 days, Revision 11 days

Day 1

8.1 Acid-base Concepts

Day 2
8.1 contd.
Ex. 8.1 and 8.2
Practice Problems 8.1 to 8.8

Day 3
8.2 Acid- base Equilibria and Ionization of Acids and Bases
Ex. 8.3 to 8.6
P.P. 8.9 t0 8.10

Day 4
8.3 Ionization of Water – Ionic Product of Water
Ex. 8.7
P.P. 8.11 to 8.13

Day 5

8.4 Expressing Hydrogen Ion Concentration – pH Scale
Ex. 8.8 to 8.12

Day 6
Ex. 8.13 to 8.20

Day 7
P.P. 8.14 to 8.34

Day 8
8.5 Polyprotic Acids and Bases
Ex. 8.21 to 8.24
P.P. 8.35 to 8.38

Day 9
8.6 Hydrolysis of Salts

Day 10
Ex. 8.25 to 8.29
P.P. 8.39 to 8.46

Day 11

8.7 Acid base Titrations and Indicators
Ex. 8.30 and 8.31
P.P. 8.47 and 8.48

Day 12
8.8 Solubility Product
Ex. 8.32, 8.33
P.P. 8.49 to 8.54
Day 13
8.8 contd.
Ex. 8.35 to 8.40, 8.41 to 44
P.P. 8.55 to 8.58, 8.59 to 8.63

Day 14
8.9 Buffer Solution
Ex. 8.45 to 8.48
P.P. 8.64 to 8.66

Day 15

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 18

Day 16
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 25

Revision Period

Day 17
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 20

Day 18
Revision Exercises :Short Answer Questions 1 to 15

Day 19
Revision Exercises :Short Answer Questions 16 to 25

Day 20
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 1 to 10
Day 21
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 11 to 19
Day 22
Competition File: Objective Questions: 1 to 20
Day 23
Competition File: Objective Questions: 21 to 41

Day 24
Fill in the blanks: 10
Day 25
True or False: 10
Day 26
Concept Review
Day 27
Formula Review

JEE - Study Guide - 9. Redox Reactions

2009-03-11T02:10:00.000-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

9.1 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
9.2 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions as Electrons Transfer reactions
9.3 Redox Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
9.4 Oxidation Number
9.5 Redox Reactions in Terms of Oxidation Number
9.6 Oxidation Number and Nomenclature
9.7 Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
9.8 Indirect Redox Reactions – Electrochemical Cells
9.9 Representation of an Electrochemical Cell
9.10 Electrode Potential
9.11 E.M.F. or Cell Potential of a Cell
9.12 Measurement of Electrode Potentials
9.13 Electrochemical Series
9.14 Stoichiometry of Redox Reactions
9.15 Redox Reactions and Their Important Applications in Human Activity

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 10
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 30
Short Answer Questions: 30
Long Answer Questions 6

Competition File
Numerical Problems: 5
Objective Questions: 23
Fill in the blanks: 8
True or False: 8

Study Plan

Day 1

9.1 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
9.2 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions as Electrons Transfer reactions
9.3 Redox Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Ex. 9.1

Day 2
9.4 Oxidation Number
Ex. 9.2, 9.6

Day 3
P.P 9.1 to 9.7

Day 4
9.5 Redox Reactions in Terms of Oxidation Number
Ex. 9.7, 9.8
9.6 Oxidation Number and Nomenclature

Da 5
9.7 Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Ex. 9.9 to 9.11
P.P. 9.8 to 9.11

Day 6
9.7 contd.
Ex. 9.12 to 9.14
P.P. 9.12 to 9.13

Day 7
9.8 Indirect Redox Reactions – Electrochemical Cells
9.9 Representation of an Electrochemical Cell

Day 8
9.10 Electrode Potential
9.11 E.M.F. or Cell Potential of a Cell
9.12 Measurement of Electrode Potentials

Day 9
9.13 Electrochemical Series
Ex. 9.15 to 9.20

Day 10
9.14 Stoichiometry of Redox Reactions
Ex. 9.21 to 9.22
P.P. 9.14 to 9.16
Day 11
9.15 Redox Reactions and Their Important Applications in Human Activity
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 10

Day 12
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 30

Day 13
Revision Exercises:Short Answer Questions: 30

Day 14
Competition File: Numerical Problems: 5
Objective Questions: 23

Day 15
Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 8
True or False: 8

Day 16
Concept Revision

Day 17
Formula Revision

Day 18 to 30
General Revision and Additional test papers solving

JEE - Study Guide - 10. Principles and Processes of Extraction of Elements

2009-03-11T02:05:00.001-07:00

Sections in the chapter

1. Origin of Elements
2. Distrubution of elements on earth
3. Elements of biological world
4. Ocean as a source of elements
5. Modes of occurrence of metals
6. Occurrence of metal: Minerals and ores
7. Mineral wealth of India
8. Extraction of elements
9. Extraction of nonmetallic elements
10. Extraction of metals: Metallurgy
11. Thermodynamics of metallurgy

Conceptual Questions with Answers:
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions
Short Answer Questions
Long Answer Questions

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions:
Fill in the blanks:
True or False:

Study Plan

Sections in the chapter

Day 1

1. Origin of Elements
2. Distrubution of elements on earth
3. Elements of biological world
4. Ocean as a source of elements

Day 2
Practice Problems 10.1 to 10.5
5. Modes of occurrence of metals
6. Occurrence of metal: Minerals and ores
7. Mineral wealth of India

Day 3
8. Extraction of elements
9. Extraction of nonmetallic elements
10. Extraction of metals: Metallurgy

Day 4
10. Contd

Day 5
10 contd.

Day 6
11. Thermodynamics of metallurgy

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 14

Day 7
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 1 to 20
Short Answer Questions 1 to 35

Day 8

Competition File

Objective Questions: 1 to 24
Fill in the blanks: 1 to 6
True or False: 1 to 10

Day 9
Revision extraction of metals

Day 10
Revision of rest of the chapter

Days 11 to 20
Revision and test paper question solving

IIT JEE - Study Guide - Study Plan Chapter 11. Hydrogen

2009-03-11T02:04:00.000-07:00

Sections in the Chapter - Jauhar

1. Unique position of hydrogen in the periodic table
2. Occurrence of hydrogen
3. Isotopes of hydrogen
4. Dihydrogen
5. Hydrides
6. Water
7. Heavy Water
8. Hard and Soft Water
9 Hydrogen Peroxide
10 Liquid Hydrogen as a Fuel
11 Hydrogen Economy

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 16
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 25
Short Answer Questions 50
Long Answer Questions 14

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 25
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Study Plan

Day 1

1. Unique position of hydrogen in the periodic table
2. Occurrence of hydrogen
3. Isotopes of hydrogen

Day 2

4. Dihydrogen
Practice Problems 11.1 to 11.10

Day 3

5. Hydrides

Day 4

6. Water
7. Heavy Water
8. Hard and Soft Water

Day 5
PP. 11.11 to 11.17

9 Hydrogen Peroxide

Day 6
PP. 11.18 to 11.25

10 Liquid Hydrogen as a Fuel
11 Hydrogen Economy

Day 7

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 16

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 25

Day 8
Short Answer Questions 50

Day 9

Competition File

Objective Questions: 25
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Day 10
Concept Revision

Revision Period

Day 11 to Day 20
Revision and test paper problem solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - Study Plan - 12. s-Block Elements

2009-03-11T02:03:00.002-07:00

Sections in Jauhar's Book

12.1 Abundance and Occurrence
12.2 Anomalous Properties of First Element in Each Group
12.3 Diagonal Relationship

Chemistry of Alkali Metals

12.4 Occurrence
12.5 General Characteristics of Alkali Metals
12.6 General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkali Metals
12.7 Anomalous Behavior of Lithium
12.8 Diagonal Relationship

Chemistry of Li and Na and Its Compounds

12.9 Occurrence of Lithium and Sodium
12.10 Extraction of Lithium and Sodium
12.11 Some Important Compounds of Sodium

Chemistry of Alkaline Earth Metals

12.12 Occurrence
12.13 General Characteristics of Alkaline Earth Metals
12.14 General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkaline Earth Metals
12.15 Differences between Beryllium and Magnesium
12.16 Diagonal Similarities of Beryllium and Aluminium
12.17 Occurrence of Magnesium
12.18 Compounds of Magnesium and Calcium
12.19 Industrial Uses of Limestone and Lime
12.20 Cement

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 30
Short Answer Questions : 55
Long Answer Questions 15

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 25
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

12.1 Abundance and Occurrence
12.2 Anomalous Properties of First Element in Each Group
12.3 Diagonal Relationship

Chemistry of Alkali Metals

12.4 Occurrence
12.5 General Characteristics of Alkali Metals

Day
12.5 contd. Chemical Properties

Day 3
12.6 General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkali Metals
12.7 Anomalous Behavior of Lithium
12.8 Diagonal Relationship

day 4

Chemistry of Li and Na and Its Compounds

12.9 Occurrence of Lithium and Sodium
12.10 Extraction of Lithium and Sodium

Day 5
12.11 Some Important Compounds of Sodium
Practice Problems
12.1 to 12.10

Day 6
Chemistry of Alkaline Earth Metals

12.12 Occurrence
12.13 General Characteristics of Alkaline Earth Metals
12.14 General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkaline Earth Metals
12.15 Differences between Beryllium and Magnesium

day 7
12.16 Diagonal Similarities of Beryllium and Aluminium
PP. 12.11 to 12.14
12.17 Occurrence of Magnesium
12.18 Compounds of Magnesium and Calcium

Day 8
PP. 12.15 to 12.24
12.19 Industrial Uses of Limestone and Lime
12.20 Cement

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14
Day 9

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 30
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions: 1to 30

Day 10
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions: 31 to 55

Revision Period

Day 11
Competition File - Objective Questions: 25

Day 12
Competition File - Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File - True or False: 10

Day 13 to Day 20
Revision

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - Study Plan - 13. Some p-Block Elements

2009-03-11T02:03:00.001-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

Chemistry of Boron and Its compounds

13.1 Boron
13.2 Compounds of Boron

Chemistry of Carbon and its Compounds

13.3 Carbon
13.4 Compounds of Carbon

Chemistry of Nitrogen and its Compounds

13.5 Nitrogen
13.6 Compounds of Nitrogen

Chemistry of Oxygen and its Compounds

13.7 Oxygen
13.8 Simple Oxides
13.9 Ozone

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 26
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 40
Short Answer Questions 38
Long Answer Questions 8

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Chemistry of Boron and Its compounds

Day 1 and Day 2

13.1 Boron
13.2 Compounds of Boron

Day 3,4,5

Practice problems of Boron
Chemistry of Carbon and its Compounds

13.3 Carbon
13.4 Compounds of Carbon
Practice problems of Carbon

Day 6,7

Chemistry of Nitrogen and its Compounds

13.5 Nitrogen
13.6 Compounds of Nitrogen

Day 8,9,10

Practice Problems of Nitrogen

Chemistry of Oxygen and its Compounds

13.7 Oxygen
13.8 Simple Oxides
13.9 Ozone

Day 11

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 26

Day 12

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 40

Day 13
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 38

Day 14
Competition File: Objective Questions: 40

Day 15
Competition File:Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File:True or False: 10

Day 16

Concept review

Day 17

Chemical Equations Review

JEE - Study Guide - 14. Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles

2009-03-11T02:02:00.000-07:00

sections in the chapter

14.1 Tetravalency of Carbon
14.2 Hybridization and Shapes of Molecules
14.3 Structural Representation of Organic Compounds
14.4 Functional Group
14.5 Homologous Series
14.6 Different Classes of Aliphatic Compounds and Their Nomenclature
14.7 General Rules for Naming Organic Compounds
14.8 Writing Structural Formula from the Name of the Compound
14.9 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
14.10 Isomerism
14.11 Electron Displacement in Covalent Bonds
14.12 Types of Bond Fission
14.13 Types of Attacking Reagents
14.14 Types of Organic Reactions

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 18
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 40
Short Answer Questions 40
Long Answer Questions 14

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

14.1 Tetravalency of Carbon
14.2 Hybridization and Shapes of Molecules
Ex. 14.1, 14.2
Practice Problems 14.1 to 4

Day 2

14.3 Structural Representation of Organic Compounds
Ex. 14.3 to 6
14.4 Functional Group
14.5 Homologous Series

Day 3

PP. 14.5 to 14.8
14.6 Different Classes of Aliphatic Compounds and Their Nomenclature
1. Hydrocarbons and 2 alkyl halides

Day 4

14.6 contd. 3 and 4
14.7 General Rules for Naming Organic Compounds

Day 5

14.7 contd.

Day 6

14.8 Writing Structural Formula from the Name of the Compound
14.9 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds

Day 7

Nomenclature Revision

Day 8

14.10 Isomerism

Day 9

14.11 Electron Displacement in Covalent Bonds

Day 10

14.12 Types of Bond Fission
14.13 Types of Attacking Reagents

Day 11

14.14 Types of Organic Reactions

Day 12

Conceptual Questions 1 to 18
Revision Exercises:Very Short Answer questions 1 to 30

Day 13
Revision Exercises:Very Short Answer questions 31 to 40

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 40

Day 14

Competition File: Objective Questions: 40

Day 15

Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File: True or False: 10

Revision Period

Days 16 to 30

Revision and test paper problems solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - Study Plan - 15. Hydrocarbons

2009-03-11T02:01:00.000-07:00

15.1 Classification of Hydrocarbons
15.2 Alkanes
15.3 Nomenclature of Alkanes
15.4 Conformations in Hydrocarbons
15.5 Preparation and Properties of Alkanes

Chemistry of Alkenes
15.6 Nomenclature of Alkenes
15.7 Isomerism in Alkenes
15.8 Stability of of Alkenes
15.9

Chemistry of Alkynes

15.10 Isomerism in Alkynes
15.11 Preparation and Properties of Alkynes

Chemistry of Alkadienes

15.12 Dienes
15.13 Stability of Conjugated Dienes
15.14 Delocalization of Electrons
15.15 Electrophilic addition to Conjugated Dienes

Chemistry of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

15.16 Arenes or Aromatic Hydrocarbons
15.17 Nomenclature
15.18 Stability and Structure of Benzene
15.19 Isomerism in Arenes
15.20 Aromaticity (Huckel Rule)
15.21 Sources of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
15.22 Preparation of Benzene and Its Homologues
15.23 Properties of Benzene and Its Homologues
15.24 Mechanism of Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzene
15.25 Directive Influence of Substituents and Their Effect on reactivity
15.26 Polynuclear Hydrocarbons

Chemistry of Petroleum and Petrochemicals

15.27 Petroleum and Composition of Crude Oil
15.28 Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
15.29 Quality of Gasoline – Octane Number
15.30 LPG and CNG
15.31 Cracking and Reforming
15.32 Petrochemicals

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 45
Short Answer Questions 62
Long Answer Questions 10

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 65
Fill in the blanks: 15
True or False: 18

Study Plan

Day 1

15.1 Classification of Hydrocarbons
15.2 Alkanes
15.3 Nomenclature of Alkanes
15.4 Conformations in Hydrocarbons

Day 2
15.5 Preparation and Properties of Alkanes (Preparation)

Day 3

15.5 Contd. Properties of alkanes

Day 4
Revision
Practice problems 15.3 to 15.12

Day 5

Chemistry of Alkenes
15.6 Nomenclature of Alkenes
15.7 Isomerism in Alkenes
PP. 15.13, 15.14

Day 6
15.8 Stability of of Alkenes
15.9 Preparation and Properties

Day 7
Revision
PP. 15.15 to 15.20
Conceptual Questions 5,8,9,11,

Day 8
Chemistry of Alkynes

15.10 Isomerism in Alkynes
15.11 Preparation and Properties of Alkynes

day 9
Revision
PP. 15.21 to 15.26

Day 10

Chemistry of Alkadienes

15.12 Dienes
15.13 Stability of Conjugated Dienes
15.14 Delocalization of Electrons
15.15 Electrophilic addition to Conjugated Dienes

Day 11

Chemistry of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

15.16 Arenes or Aromatic Hydrocarbons
15.17 Nomenclature
15.18 Stability and Structure of Benzene
15.19 Isomerism in Arenes

Day 12
15.20 Aromaticity (Huckel Rule)
15.21 Sources of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
15.22 Preparation of Benzene and Its Homologues

Day 13
15.23 Properties of Benzene and Its Homologues
15.24 Mechanism of Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzene
15.25 Directive Influence of Substituents and Their Effect on reactivity
15.26 Polynuclear Hydrocarbons

Day 14

Chemistry of Petroleum and Petrochemicals

15.27 Petroleum and Composition of Crude Oil
15.28 Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
15.29 Quality of Gasoline – Octane Number
15.30 LPG and CNG
15.31 Cracking and Reforming
15.32 Petrochemicals

Day 15

Examples 15.13 to 15.28

Revision period

Day 16

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15

Day 17

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 30

Day 18
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 31 to 45
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 1 to 15

Day 19

Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 16 to 45

Day 20
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 46 to 62
Competition File-Objective Questions: 1 to 15

Day 21
Competition File-Objective Questions: 16 to 45

Day 22
Competition File-Objective Questions: 46 to 65
Competition File-Fill in the blanks: 15

Day 23

Competition File-True or False: 18

Day 24 - 30
Revision and test paper problem solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 17. Organic Compounds with Functional Groups Containing Halogens

2009-03-11T02:00:00.000-07:00

Sections in the Chapter of Jauhar

17.1 Classification of halogen Derivatives of Hydrocarbons
17.2 Nomenclature of Haloalkanes
17.3 Nomenclature of Aryl Halides
17.4 isomerism in Haloalkanes
17.5 Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes
17.6 General Methods of Preparation of Haloarenes
17.7 Physical Properties of haloalkanes
17.8 Physical Properties of haloarenes
17.9 Nature of C-X Bond
17.10 Chemical Properties of Haloalkanes
17.11 Chemical Properties of Haloarenes
17.12 Some Commercially Important Compounds
17.13 Analysis and Difference Between Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 21
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 31
Short Answer Questions: 38
Long Answer Questions: 11

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 53
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

17.1 Classification of halogen Derivatives of Hydrocarbons
17.2 Nomenclature of Haloalkanes
17.3 Nomenclature of Aryl Halides

Day 2

17.4 isomerism in Haloalkanes
Ex. 17.1 to 17.4
PP. 17.1 to 17.6
Day 3

Revision Exercises; Very Very Short Answer questions 1,2, 7,9

17.5 Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes
Ex. 17.5 to 17.8

Day 6
PP. 17.7 to 17.8
17.6 General Methods of Preparation of Haloarenes
Ex. 17.9

Day 7

17.7 Physical Properties of haloalkanes
17.8 Physical Properties of haloarenes
17.9 Nature of C-X Bond

Day 8

17.10 Chemical Properties of Haloalkanes

Day 9
Revision of th material
Ex. 17.10 to 17.15
PP. 17.9 to 17.18

Day 10

17.11 Chemical Properties of Haloarenes

Day 11
PP. 17.19 to 17.24

17.12 Some Commercially Important Compounds

Day 12
17.12 contd.

Day 13
17.13 Analysis and Difference Between Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
PP. 17.25 to 17.29

Day 14
Miscellaneous Problems 17.17 to 17.21
Conceptual questions 1 to 21

Day 15
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 31
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 38

Revision period

Day 16

Competition File: Objective Questions: 1 to 25

Day 17
Competition File: Objective Questions: 26 to 53

Day 18
Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File: True or False: 10

Day 19

Revision of 171. to 17.4

Day 20
Revision of 17.5 and 17.6

Day 21
Revision of 17.7 to 17.9

Day 22
Revision of 17.10,17.11

Day 23
Revision of 17.12, 17.13

IIT JEE Chemistry-12th Portion - Study Guide - 1. Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding

2009-03-11T01:54:00.000-07:00

IIT JEE Chemistry 12th class portion starts from here.

Based on Book by Jauhar CBSE 12th class

Sections in the Chapter

1.1 Dual Nature of Radiation
1.2 Dual Nature of Matter - de-Broglie Equation
1.3 Heisengberg's Uncertainty Principle
1.4 Wave Mechanical Model of Atom and Concept of Atomic Orbital
1.5 Quantum Numbers
1.6 Pauli's Exclusion Principles
1.7 Orbital Wave Functions and Shapes of Orbitals
1.8 Electronic Configurations of Atoms
1.9 Chemical Bonding
1.10 REview of Valency Bond Theory
1.11 Molecular Orbital Theory
1.12 Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) Method
1.13 Relative Energies of Bonding and Antibonding Molecular Orbitals
1.14 Combination of 2s and 2p Atomic Orbitals to form Molecular Orbitals
1.15 Conditions for the Combination of Atomic Orbitals
1.16 Energy Level diagram for Molecular Orbitals
1.17 Rules for Filling Molecualr Orbitals
1.18 Electronic Configurations and Molecular Behavior
1.19 Bonding in Some Diatomic Molecules
1.20 Metallic Bond
1.21 Hybridisation
1.22 Intermolecular Forces
1.23 Hydrogen Bonding

Study Plan

Day 1

1.1 Dual Nature of Radiation
Pratice Problems 1.1 to 1.12

Day 2

1.2 Dual Nature of Matter - de-Broglie Equation
P.P. 1.13 to 1.22

Day 3

1.3 Heisengberg's Uncertainty Principle
P.P. 1.23 to 1.29

Day 4
1.4 Wave Mechanical Model of Atom and Concept of Atomic Orbital
P.P. 130 to 1.31

Day 5
1.5 Quantum Numbers
1.6 Pauli's Exclusion Principles
P.P. 1.32 to 1.35

Day 6
1.7 Orbital Wave Functions and Shapes of Orbitals
1.8 Electronic Configurations of Atoms

Day 7

1.9 Chemical Bonding
1.10 REview of Valency Bond Theory
1.11 Molecular Orbital Theory
1.12 Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) Method
1.13 Relative Energies of Bonding and Antibonding Molecular Orbitals

Day 8

1.14 Combination of 2s and 2p Atomic Orbitals to form Molecular Orbitals
1.15 Conditions for the Combination of Atomic Orbitals
P.P. 1.36 to 1.37
1.16 Energy Level diagram for Molecular Orbitals
1.17 Rules for Filling Molecualr Orbitals
1.18 Electronic Configurations and Molecular Behavior

Day 9

1.19 Bonding in Some Diatomic Molecules
P.P. 1.38 to 1.45

Day 10
1.20 Metallic Bond

Day 11
1.21 Hybridisation
1.22 Intermolecular Forces

Day 12

1.23 Hydrogen Bonding
P.P. 1.44 to 1.47

Day 13

Additional numerical problems 1 to 20

day 14

Conceptual questions 1 to 40

Day 15
Key facts to remember
Revision exercises very short answer questions 1 to 30

Revision Period (30 minutes per day)

Day 16

Revision exercises very short answer questions 31 to 50

day 17
Revision exercises very short answer questions 51 to 65

Day 18

Revision exercises short answer questions 1 to 15

Day 19
Revision exercises short answer questions 16 to 30

Day 20
Revision exercises short answer questions 31 to 45

Day 21
Revision exercises short answer questions 46 to 60

Day 22
Revision exercises short answer questions 61 to 78

Day 23
Some useful facts for competitive examinations
Nemerical problems for competitive examinations 1 to 5

Day 24
Nemerical problems for competitive examinations 6 to 13

Day 25
Multiple choice questions 1 to 20

Day 26

Multiple choice questions 21 to 40

Day 27
Multiple choice questions 41 to 63

Day 28
Fill in the blanks 1 to 15

Day 29
True or false 15

Day 30
Matching
Concept revision

JEE - Study Guide - 2. Solid State

2009-03-11T01:53:00.002-07:00

Jauhar, CBSE XI class

Sections in the Chapter

2.1 Space Lattices and Unit Cell
2.2 Close Packing in Crystalline Solids
2.3 Interstitial Sites or Interstitial Voids
2.4 Types of Cubic Crystals and Number of Atoms per Unit Cell
2.5 Experimental Methods of Determining Crystal Structure: X Rays Diffraction
2.6 Coordination Number and Radius Ratio
2.7 Ionic Radii
2.8 Calculation of Density of a Crystal from its Structure
2.9 Strctures of Ionic Compounds
2.10 Imperfections in solids
2.11 Properties of solids
2.12 Amorphous solids

Additional numerical problems for practice 12
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 13
Key facts to remember
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 40
Short Answer Questions : 50
Long Answer Questions : 6

Competition File
Some useful facts
numerical problems 9

Objective Questions: Multiple choice 25
Fill in the blanks: 10
Matching type question 1

Study Plan

Day 1

2.1 Space Lattices and Unit Cell
2.2 Close Packing in Crystalline Solids
2.3 Interstitial Sites or Interstitial Voids

Day 2
2.4 Types of Cubic Crystals and Number of Atoms per Unit Cell
Practice problems 2.1 to 2.3

Day 3

2.5 Experimental Methods of Determining Crystal Structure: X Rays Diffraction
P.P. 2.4,2.5
2.6 Coordination Number and Radius Ratio
P.P. 2.14 to 2.17
Day 4

2.7 Ionic Radii
2.8 Calculation of Density of a Crystal from its Structure

Day 5
P.P. 2.8 to 2.19

Day 6

2.9 Strctures of Ionic Compounds
P.P 2.20 to 2.25

Day 7
2.10 Imperfections in solids
2.11 Properties of solids
2.12 Amorphous solids

Day 8

Concept revision
Additional numerical problems for practice 12

Day 9

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 13
Key facts to remember

Day 10

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 40

Revision period

Day 11
Revision Exercises:Short Answer Questions : 1 to 15

Day 12
Revision Exercises:Short Answer Questions : 16 to 30

Day 13
Revision Exercises:Short Answer Questions : 31 to 50

Day 14

Competition File
Some useful facts
numerical problems 9

Day 15

Objective Questions: Multiple choice 25

Day 16
Fill in the blanks: 10
Matching type question 1

Day 17 to 20

Concept revision and test paper questions/problems

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 3. Solutions

2009-03-11T01:53:00.001-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

3.1 Types of solutions
3.2 Methods for expressing the concentration of a solution: units of solution
P.P. 3.1 to 3.20
3.3 Solubilioty of gases and solids in liquids
3.4 Vapour pressure of solutions
3.5 Ideal and Nonideal solutions
P.P. 3.21 to 3.27
3.6 Colligative properties
3.7 Relative lowering of vapour pressure
P.P. 3.28 to 3.34
3.8 Elevation in boiling point
P.P. 3.35 to 3.40
3.9 Depression in freezing point
3.41 to 3.48
3.10 Osmosis and osmotic pressure
P.P. 3.49 to 3.57
3.11 Electrolytic solutions – Abnormal molar masses
P.P. 3.58 to 3.68

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 21

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 29
Key facts to remember
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 8
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 21
Short Answer Questions 66
Long Answer Questions 21

Competition File
Numerical Problems 29
Multiple choice questions: 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

3.1 Types of solutions
3.2 Methods for expressing the concentration of a solution: units of solution

Day 2

P.P. 3.1 to 3.20

Day 3
3.3 Solubility of gases and solids in liquids
3.4 Vapour pressure of solutions
3.5 Ideal and Nonideal solutions

Day 4

P.P. 3.21 to 3.27
3.6 Colligative properties
3.7 Relative lowering of vapour pressure
P.P. 3.28 to 3.34

Day 5

3.8 Elevation in boiling point
P.P. 3.35 to 3.40

Day 6
3.9 Depression in freezing point
3.41 to 3.48

Day 7
3.10 Osmosis and osmotic pressure
P.P. 3.49 to 3.57

Day 8
3.11 Electrolytic solutions – Abnormal molar masses
P.P. 3.58 to 3.68

Day 9

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 21

Day 10
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 29

Day 11
Key facts to remember
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 8

Day 12
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 21

Day 13
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 3366

Day 14
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 34 to 66

Day 15
Competition File: Numerical Problems 1to 20

Revision Period
Day 16
Competition File: Numerical Problems 21to 29

Day 17
Multiple choice questions: 1 to 20

Day 18
Multiple choice questions: 21 to 40

Day 19
Fill in the blanks: 10

Day 20
True or False: 10

Day 21 to 30
Concept revision, formula revision, Test paper problem solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 4. Chemical Thermodynamics (XII Portin

2009-03-11T01:51:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter (Jauhar’s Book CBSE)

4.1 Some basic terms and concepts
4.2 Internal energy, heat and work
4.3 First law of thermodynamics
Practice Problems 4.1 to 4.6
4.4 Enthalpy and Enthalpy change
P.P 4.7 to 4.10
4.5 Limitations of first law of thermodynamics: Need of second law
4.6 Randomness and spontaneity
4.7 Entropy
4.8 Second law of thermodynamics
4.9 Entropy change during phase transition
P.P. 4.11 to 4.17
4.10 Gibbs Free energy and free energy change
4.11 Free energy change for predicting feasibility of a reaction
P.P. 4.18 to 4.23
4.12 Standard free energy change
4.13 Standard free energy change and equilibrium constant
P.P. 4.24 to 4.31
4.14 Gibbs free energy change and nonmechanical work
4.15 Absolute entropies and third law of thermodynamics
P.P 4.35 to 4.36

Additional numerical problems for practice 1 to 10
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 12

Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 25
Short Answer Questions 48
Long Answer Questions 10

Competition File
Numerical problems for competitive examinations 17
Objective Questions: 36
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

4.1 Some basic terms and concepts
4.2 Internal energy, heat and work
4.3 First law of thermodynamics

Day 2

Practice Problems 4.1 to 4.6
4.4 Enthalpy and Enthalpy change
P.P 4.7 to 4.10

Day 3
4.5 Limitations of first law of thermodynamics: Need of second law
4.6 Randomness and spontaneity
4.7 Entropy
4.8 Second law of thermodynamics
4.9 Entropy change during phase transition

Day 4
P.P. 4.11 to 4.17
4.10 Gibbs Free energy and free energy change
4.11 Free energy change for predicting feasibility of a reaction

Day 5
P.P. 4.18 to 4.23
4.12 Standard free energy change
4.13 Standard free energy change and equilibrium constant
P.P. 4.24 to 4.31

Day 6

4.14 Gibbs free energy change and nonmechanical work
4.15 Absolute entropies and third law of thermodynamics
P.P 4.35 to 4.36

Day 7

Additional numerical problems for practice 1 to 10
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 12

Day 8
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 25

Day 9
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 t o 24
Day 10
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 25 to 48

Day 11
Competition File: Numerical problems for competitive examinations 17

Day 12

Competition File: Objective Questions: 1 to 18

Day 13
Competition File: Objective Questions: 19to 36

Day 14

Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File: True or False: 10

Day 15
Concept Revision
Fromula Revision

Day 16 to 30

Revision of the chapter/Extra problems from other books like R.C. Mukherjee, Test Paper books etc..
Use all available time productively to improve your understanding, ability to solve problems and recollection of principles

JEE - Study Guide - 5. Electrochemistry

2009-03-11T01:50:00.000-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

5.1 Electrochemical changes: electrolytic and galvanic cells
5.2 Electrolysis and laws of electrolysis
Practice Problems 5.1 to 5.6
5.3 Metallic and electrolytic conductance
5.4 Electrolytic conduction
P.P. 5.7 to 5.14
5.5 Factors for the variation of molar conductance
5.6 Kohlrausch’s law
P.P. 5.15 to 5.21
5.7 Electrochemical cell or galvanic cell
5.8 Representation of an electrochemical cell
5.9 Electrode potential and E.M.F. of a galvanic cell
5.10 Standard Electrode Potential
5.11 Electrochemical series
P.P. 5.22 to 5.29
5.12 Differences between Galvanic cell and electrolytic cell
5.13 Dependence of electrode and cell potentials on concentration: Nernst Equations
P.P. 5.30 to 5.35
5.14 Equilibrium constant form Nernst Equation
5.15 Electrochemical cell and free energy
P.P. 5.40 to 5.43
5.16 Some commercial cells
5.17 Electrode potential electrolysis and criteria for product formation
5.18 Corrosion
5.19 Commercial production of chemicals
5.20 Manufacture of some important metals an chemical compounds

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice 16

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 35
Short Answer Questions 65
Long Answer Questions 23

Competition File
Numerical Problems 25
Objective Questions:
Multiple choice:35
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

5.1 Electrochemical changes: electrolytic and galvanic cells
5.2 Electrolysis and laws of electrolysis

Day 2
Practice Problems 5.1 to 5.6
5.3 Metallic and electrolytic conductance
5.4 Electrolytic conduction

Day 3
P.P. 5.7 to 5.14
5.5 Factors for the variation of molar conductance
5.6 Kohlrausch’s law

Day 4
P.P. 5.15 to 5.21
5.7 Electrochemical cell or galvanic cell
5.8 Representation of an electrochemical cell
5.9 Electrode potential and E.M.F. of a galvanic cell

Day 5

5.10 Standard Electrode Potential
5.11 Electrochemical series
P.P. 5.22 to 5.29

Day 6

5.12 Differences between Galvanic cell and electrolytic cell
5.13 Dependence of electrode and cell potentials on concentration: Nernst Equations

Day 7

P.P. 5.30 to 5.35
5.14 Equilibrium constant form Nernst Equation
5.15 Electrochemical cell and free energy
P.P. 5.40 to 5.43

Day 8

5.16 Some commercial cells
5.17 Electrode potential electrolysis and criteria for product formation

Day 9

5.18 Corrosion
5.19 Commercial production of chemicals
5.20 Manufacture of some important metals an chemical compounds

Day 10

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice 16

Day 11

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20

Day 12

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 35

Day 13
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 30

Day 14

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 31 to 65

Day 15
Competition File: Numerical Problems 1to 15

Day 16
Competition File: Numerical Problems 16 to 25

Day 17

Competition File: Multiple choice: 1 to 20

Day 18

Competition File: Multiple choice: 21 to 35

Day 19
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 20 Concept revision

Day 21
Formula revision

Days 22 to 30

Test paper problem solving

IIT JEE - Chemistry - Study Guide - 6. Chemical Kinetics

2009-03-11T01:49:00.002-07:00

Sections in the Chapter Jauhar

6.1 Rate of a chemical reaction
Practice Problems 6.1 to 6.6
6.2 Experimental measurement of reaction rate
6.3 Factors which influence rates of chemical reactions
6.4 Dependence of reaction rates on concentration
6.5 Order of a reaction
P.P. 6.7 to 6.10
6.6 Integrated rate expansion
6.7 Experimental determination of order of a reaction
P.P. 6.11, 6.12, 6.13 to 6.15, 6,16 to 6,23
6.8 Half life period of a reaction
P.P. 6.24 to 6.31
6.9 Collision theory: Energy and orientation barriers to reactions
6.10 Dependence of reaction rates on temperature
6.11 Concept of activation energy and activated complex theory
6.12 Arrhenius equation and calculation of activation energy
P.P. 6.32 to 6.39
6.13 Effect of radiations on reaction rates: photochemical reactions
6.14 Mechanism of a reaction
6.15 Fast reactions

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 13

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 41
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 55
Long Answer Questions: 9

Competition File: Numerical Problems : 18
Competition File: Multiple choice Questions: 40
Competition File Fill in the blanks: 8
Competition File True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

6.1 Rate of a chemical reaction
Practice Problems 6.1 to 6.6

Day 2

6.2 Experimental measurement of reaction rate
6.3 Factors which influence rates of chemical reactions
6.4 Dependence of reaction rates on concentration

Day 3

6.5 Order of a reaction
P.P. 6.7 to 6.10

Day 4

6.6 Integrated rate expansion
6.7 Experimental determination of order of a reaction
P.P. 6.11, 6.12, 6.13 to 6.15,

Day 5
6.7 Experimental determination of order of a reaction – P.P. 6,16 to 6,23

Day 6

6.8 Half life period of a reaction
P.P. 6.24 to 6.31

Day 7
6.9 Collision theory: Energy and orientation barriers to reactions
6.10 Dependence of reaction rates on temperature
6.11 Concept of activation energy and activated complex theory

Day 8
6.12 Arrhenius equation and calculation of activation energy
P.P. 6.32 to 6.39

Day 9

6.13 Effect of radiations on reaction rates: photochemical reactions
6.14 Mechanism of a reaction
6.15 Fast reactions

Day 10
Concept Revision: Key Facts to Remember
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice: 13

Day 11

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 20

Day 12
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 41

Day 13

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 1 to 25

Day 14
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions: 26 to 55

Day 15
Competition File: Numerical Problems : 18

Revision Period

Day 16

Competition File: Multiple choice Questions: 1to 20

Day 17
Competition File: Multiple choice Questions: 21 to 40

Day 18

Competition File Fill in the blanks: 8
Competition File True or False: 10

Days 19 to 30
Concept revision and test paper problem/question solving

IT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 7. Surface Chemistry

2009-03-11T01:49:00.001-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

7.1 Adsorption
7.2 Types of Adsorption
7.3 Adsorption of gases on solids
7.4 Adsorption from solutions
7.5 Applications of Adsorption
7.6 Catalysts
7.7 Enzyme Catalysts
7.8 Shape selective Catalysts by zeolites
7.9 Colloidal state
7.10 Phases of colloids and their Classification
7.11 Lyophilic and lyophobic colloids
7.12 Multi molecular, maromolecular and associated colloids
7.13 General methods of preparation of sols
7.14 Purification of colloidal solutions
7.15 Properties of colloidal solutions
7.16 Coagulation of colloidal solutions
7.17 Protection of colloids
7.18 Emulsions
7.19 Gels
7.20 Applications of colloids

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 32
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 49

Revision Exercises: Long Answer Questions 17

Competition File: Multiple choice questions 30
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

7.1 Adsorption
7.2 Types of Adsorption
7.3 Adsorption of gases on solids

Day 2

7.4 Adsorption from solutions
7.5 Applications of Adsorption
7.6 Catalysts
7.7 Enzyme Catalysts
7.8 Shape selective Catalysts by zeolites

Day 3

7.9 Colloidal state
7.10 Phases of colloids and their Classification
7.11 Lyophilic and lyophobic colloids
7.12 Multi molecular, maromolecular and associated colloids
7.13 General methods of preparation of sols

Day 4

7.14 Purification of colloidal solutions
7.15 Properties of colloidal solutions
7.16 Coagulation of colloidal solutions

Day 5

7.17 Protection of colloids
7.18 Emulsions
7.19 Gels
7.20 Applications of colloids

Day 6

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 32

Day 7
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 1 to 25
‘
Day 8
Revision Exercises: Short Answer questions 26 to 49

Day 9

Competition File: Multiple choice questions 30
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 10
Concept revision
Formula revision

Revision Period

Day 11 to 20
Test paper problem solving, Revision of difficult questions/problems

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 8 - p-Block Elements

2009-03-11T01:48:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter – Jauhar Text Book 12th Class

Study Plan

Group 13 elements

Day 1
8.1 Occurrence and their uses
8.2 General characteristics of Group 13 elements
8.3 Trends in chemical reactivity

Day 2
8.4 Aluminium: Extraction and properties
Practice problems: 8.1 to 8.8
Revision

Day 3

Group 14 Elements

8.5 Occurrence and uses
8.6 General characteristics of group 14 elements
8.7 Trends in chemical reactivity

Day 4
8.8 Forms of silica
8.9 Silicates
8.10 Silicones

Day 5

8.11 Tin and lead
P.P. 8.9 to 8.15
Revision

Day 6

Group 15 elements
8.12 Occurrence and uses
8.13 General characteristics of group 15 elements
8.14 Trends in chemical reactivity

Day 7

8.15 Production of phosphorus
8.16 Allotropic forms of phosphorus
8.17 Phosphine
8.18 Structure of some compounds of phosphorus

Day 8
P.P. 8.16 to 8.20

Group 16 elements

8.19 Occurrence and uses
8.20 General characteristics of group 16 elements
8.21 Trends in chemical reactivity

Day 9 and 10
8.22 Important compounds of group 16 elements
P.P 8.21 to 8.30

Day 11

8.23 Production of sulphur
8.24 allotropes of sulphur
8.25 Sulphuric acid

Group 17 elements

8.26 Occurrence and uses
8.27 General characteristics of group 17 elements

Day 12

8.28 Trends in chemical reactivity
8.29 Bleaching powder
8.30 Interhalogen compounds
P.P. 8.31 to 8.38

Day 13
Group 18 elements
8.31 Occurrence of noble gases
8.32 Isolation of noble gases and uses
8.32 General characteristics of group 18 elements
8.33 Compounds of noble gases

Day 14

pp. 8.39 to 8.41

Key factors to remember

Day 15
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 30

Day 16
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 31 to 50

Day 17
Short Answer Questions: 1 to 20

Day 18
Short Answer Questions: 21 to 40

Day 19
Short Answer Questions: 41 to 60

Day 20
Short Answer Questions: 61 to 85

Day 21
Competition File: Conceptual questions: 1 to 20

Day 22
Competition File: Conceptual questions: 21 to 47

Day 23
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 1 to 15

Day 24
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 16 to 30

Day 25
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 31 to 43

Day 26
Fill in the blanks: 15

Day 27
True or False: 10

Day 28 to 30
Revision and test paper questions

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 9. d and f -Block Elements

2009-03-11T01:46:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter - Jauhar

Chemistry of d-Block elements

9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10
9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16
9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography

Chemistry of f-Block elements

9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides
9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26

Key facts to remember
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 35
Short Answer Questions: 55
Long Answer Questions: 24

Competition File
Typical questions 8
Objective Questions:
Muliple choice questions: 50
Fill in the blanks: 15
True or False: 10

Study Plan

10 days main study
10 days revision

Day 1
Chemistry of d-Block elements

9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements up to melting and boiling points

Day 2
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements – remaining portion.
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10

Day 3

9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron

Day 4
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16

Day 5

9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography

Day 6

Chemistry of f-Block elements

9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides

Day 7

9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26

Key facts to remember

Day 8

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25

Day 9
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 35

Day 10

Short Answer Questions: 1 to 30 55

Revision period

Day 11
Short Answer Questions: 31 to 55

Day 12
Competition File: Typical questions 8

Day 13

Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 1 to 25

Day 14
Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 26 to 50

Day 15

Fill in the blanks: 15

Day 16
True or False: 10

Day 17 to 20
Revision and test paper questions

IIR JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 10. Co-ordination Compounds and Organometallics

2009-03-11T01:45:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter Jauhar Book

10.1 Coordination compounds
10.2 Important terms in Coordination compounds
Practice Problems: 10.1 to 10.5
10.3 IUPAC formulation and nomenclature of Coordination compounds
P.P. 10.6
10.4 Isomerism in Coordination compounds
P.P. 107 to 10.10
10.5 Bonding in Coordination compounds
10.6 Werner’s coordination theory
10.7 Valency bond theory for bonding in Coordination compounds
10.8 Crystal theory
10.9 Stability of Coordination compounds in solution
10.10 General methods of preparation of Coordination compounds
10.11 Applications of Coordination compounds
10.12 Organometallic compounds
10.13 Bonding in organometallic compounds
10.14 Synthesis of organometallic compounds

Key facts to remember
Conceptual Questions with Answers:
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 25
Short Answer Questions : 60
Long Answer Questions : 14

Competition File
Typical questions: 11
Objective Questions:
Multiple choice questions: 28
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Main Study 10 days
Revision 10 days

Day 1

10.1 Coordination compounds
10.2 Important terms in Coordination compounds
Practice Problems: 10.1 to 10.5

Day 2

10.3 IUPAC formulation and nomenclature of Coordination compounds
P.P. 10.6

Day 3

10.4 Isomerism in Coordination compounds
P.P. 107 to 10.10

Day 4

10.5 Bonding in Coordination compounds
10.6 Werner’s coordination theory
10.7 Valency bond theory for bonding in Coordination compounds

Day 5

10.8 Crystal theory

Day 6
10.9 Stability of Coordination compounds in solution
10.10 General methods of preparation of Coordination compounds
10.11 Applications of Coordination compounds

Day 7

10.12 Organometallic compounds
10.13 Bonding in organometallic compounds
10.14 Synthesis of organometallic compounds
Key facts to remember

Day 8

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 25

Day 9
Short Answer Questions : 1 to 30

Day 10

Short Answer Questions : 31 to 60

Revision Period

Day 11
Competition File: Typical questions: 11

Day 12
Multiple choice questions: 1 to 14

Day 13
Multiple choice questions: 15 to 28

Day 14
Fill in the blanks: 10

Day 15
True or False: 10

Day 16 to 20
Concept revision and test paper question solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 11. Nuclear Chemistry

2009-03-11T01:44:00.000-07:00

11.1 Natural Radioactivity:Discovery and historical development
11.2 Nature and characteristics of Radioactive rays
11.3 Nuclear structure and nuclear forces
11.4 Nuclear reactions and group displacement law
Practice Problems: 11.1 to 11.8
11.5 Radioactive disintegration series
11.6 Rate of radioactivity decay
P.P. 11.9 to 11.16
11.7 Artificial transmutation of elements
11.8 Artificial or induced radioactivity
P.P. 11.17 to 11.20
11.9 Nuclear energy
P.P. 11.21 to 11.24
11.10 Nuclear fission
11.11 Atomic bomb and Nuclear reactor
11.12 Nuclear Fusion
P.P. 11.25 to 11.26
11.13 Synthetic elements
11.14 Radioactive isotopes and their uses
P.P. 11.27 to 11.38
11.15 Hazards of Nuclear radiations

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15

Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 25
Short Answer Questions : 40
Long Answer Questions : 13

Competition File
Numerical Problems : 12
Objective Questions:
Multiple choice questions: 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

11.1 Natural Radioactivity:Discovery and historical development
11.2 Nature and characteristics of Radioactive rays
11.3 Nuclear structure and nuclear forces
Day 2
11.4 Nuclear reactions and group displacement law
Practice Problems: 11.1 to 11.8
11.5 Radioactive disintegration series

Day 3

11.6 Rate of radioactivity decay
P.P. 11.9 to 11.16

Day 4
11.7 Artificial transmutation of elements
11.8 Artificial or induced radioactivity
P.P. 11.17 to 11.20

Day 5
11.9 Nuclear energy
P.P. 11.21 to 11.24
11.10 Nuclear fission

Day 6
11.11 Atomic bomb and Nuclear reactor
11.12 Nuclear Fusion
P.P. 11.25 to 11.26

Day 7
11.13 Synthetic elements
11.14 Radioactive isotopes and their uses
P.P. 11.27 to 11.38

Day 8
11.15 Hazards of Nuclear radiations
Numerical problems for practice 1 to 20

Day 9
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 1 to 15

Day 10

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 16 to 25
Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions : 1 to 20

Day 11
Revision Exercises Short Answer Questions : 21 to 40

Day 12
Competition File: Numerical Problems : 12
Day 13
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 1 to 20
Day 14
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 21 to 40

Day 15

Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 16 to 20
Concept revision, formula revision and test paper problem solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 12. Stereochemistry

2009-03-11T01:43:00.001-07:00

Sections in the Chapter

12.1 Types of isomerism
12.2 Geometrical isomerism
13.3 Confirmational isomerism
12.4 Optical activity
12.5 Chirality of objects and molecules
12.6 Enantiomers
12.7 Configurations and Fisher Projections
12.8 Chiral or asymmetric carbon
12.9 Symmetry elements and chirality
12.10 Dissymetry – Condition for enantiomerism
P.P. 12.6 to 12.9
12.11 Nomenclatures for stereo- isomers
12.12 Compounds containing two chiral centres
12.13 Meso compounds
12.14 Racemic mixtures and racemisation
12.15 Resolution
12.16 Importance of Stereo Chemistry
Key facts to remember

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 10
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 25
Short Answer Questions : 32
Long Answer Questions : 10

Competition File: Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions: 35
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

12.1 Types of isomerism
12.2 Geometrical isomerism
Practice problems 12.1 to 12.3

Day 2

12.3 Confirmational isomerism
12.4 Optical activity
P.P. 12.4 to 12.5

Day 3
12.5 Chirality of objects and molecules
12.6 Enantiomers
12.7 Configurations and Fisher Projections

Day 4
12.8 Chiral or asymmetric carbon
12.9 Symmetry elements and chirality
12.10 Dissymetry – Condition for enantiomerism
P.P. 12.6 to 12.9

Day 5
12.11 Nomenclatures for stereo- isomers
P.P. 12.10,12.11

Day 6
12.12 Compounds containing two chiral centres
12.13 Meso compounds
12.14 Racemic mixtures and racemisation
12.15 Resolution
12.16 Importance of Stereo Chemistry

Day 7

Key facts to remember

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 1 to 10

Day 8

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 25

Day 9
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 32

Day 10

Competition File: Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions: 35

Day 11

Competition File:Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 12 to 20
Concept revision and test paper questions

JEE - Study Guide - 13. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Oxygen - I (Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers)

2009-03-11T01:42:00.001-07:00

Sections in Chapters 13A and 13B

Part A: Alcohols and phenols
13A.1 Alcohols
13.2 Nomenclature of Alcohols
13.3 Isomerism in Alcohols
Practice problems 13A. 1 to 13A.5
13.4 General methods of preparation of Alcohols
13.5 Industrial preparation of Alcohols
13.6 Physical properties of Alcohols
13.7 Chemical properties of Alcohols
13.8 Distinction between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols
13.9 Interconversions of alcohols
P.P. 13A.6 to 13A.13

Phenols

13.10 Phenols
13.11 Nomenclature of Phenols
13.12 General methods of preparation of Phenols
13.13 Physical properties of Phenols
13.14 Chemical properties of Phenols
13.15 Distinction between alcohols and phenols
P.P. 13A.14 to 13A.22
13.16 Some commercially important alcohols
13.17
13.18
13.19

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 25
Short Answer Questions: 52
Long Answer Questions : 17

Competition File: typical questions: 30 (2 days)
Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 50
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Part B Ethers

13B.1 Nomenclature of Ethers
P.P. 13B.1 to 13B.3
13.2 Isomerism in Ethers
13.3 General methods of preparation of Ethers
P.P. 13B.4 to 13B.6
13.4 Physical properties of Ethers
13.5 Chemical properties of Ethers
13.6 Some commercially important compounds

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 10
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 15
Short Answer Questions : 18

Competition File
Cyclic ethers
Typical questions: 8
Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 15
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

Part A: Alcohols and phenols
13A.1 Alcohols
13.2 Nomenclature of Alcohols
13.3 Isomerism in Alcohols
Practice problems 13A. 1 to 13A.5

Day 2
13.4 General methods of preparation of Alcohols
13.5 Industrial preparation of Alcohols

Day 3
13.6 Physical properties of Alcohols
13.7 Chemical properties of Alcohols
13.8 Distinction between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols
13.9 Interconversions of alcohols

Day 4

P.P. 13A.6 to 13A.13

Phenols

13.10 Phenols
13.11 Nomenclature of Phenols

Day 5
13.12 General methods of preparation of Phenols
13.13 Physical properties of Phenols
13.14 Chemical properties of Phenols

Day 6
13.15 Distinction between alcohols and phenols
P.P. 13A.14 to 13A.22

Day 7
13.16 Some commercially important alcohols

Day 8
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 15
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 25

Day 9

Short Answer Questions: 1 to 26

Day 10
Short Answer Questions: 27 to 52

Day 11

Part B Ethers

13B.1 Nomenclature of Ethers
P.P. 13B.1 to 13B.3
13.2 Isomerism in Ethers

Day 12
13.3 General methods of preparation of Ethers
P.P. 13B.4 to 13B.6
13.4 Physical properties of Ethers

Day 13
13.5 Chemical properties of Ethers

Day 14
13.6 Some commercially important compounds
Conceptual Questions with Answers (Ether): 10

Day 15

13A

Competition File: typical questions: I concersions and II Reaction

Revision period

Day 16

Competition File: typical questions:III Questions based on structure

Day 17
Competition File: typical questions: IV Other questions 1 to 11

Day 18
Competition File: typical questions: IV Other questions 11 to 22

Day 19
Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 1 to 25

Day 20
Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 26 to 50

Day 21
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 22
13B
13B (Ethers) Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 15

Day 23
13B (Ethers) Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 18

Day 24
Competition File: Cyclic ethers

Day 25

Typical questions: 8

Day 26

Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 15

Day 27

True or False: 10

Day 28 to 30
Concept revision, reactions revision

JEE - Study Guide - 14. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Oxygen – II (Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives)

2009-03-11T01:41:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter

Part A: Aldehydes and Ketons

14A.1 Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones
14.2 Isomerism in aldehydes and ketones
14.3 General methods of preparation of aldehydes and ketones
14.4 Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones
14.5 Chemical properties of aldehydes and ketones
P.P. 14A.13 to 14A.20
14.6 Commercially important carbonyl compounds
14.7 Distinction between properties of aldehydes and ketones
14.8 Distinction between some pairs (Chemical tests)

Conceptual Questions 12

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 31
Short Answer Questions : 34
Long Answer Questions: 23

Competition File
Some more important reactions
Typical questions
I. IUPAC Nomenclature a to o
II Conversions a to p
III. Questions based on structure 1 to 11
IV. Complete the reactions a to q
V. Other Questions 14
Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions: 55
Fill in the blanks: 15
True or False: 8

Carboxylic acids and their derivatives

14 B.1 Carboxylic acids and
14 B. 2 Nomenclature of Carboxylic acids
14 B. 3 Preparation of Carboxylic acids
P.P. 14 B.5 to 14B.8
14 B.4 Physical properties of Carboxylic acids
14 B.5 Chemical properties of Carboxylic acids
14 B.6 Some Commercially important Carboxylic acids
14 B.7 Distinction between alcohols, phenols and Carboxylic acids
14 B.8 Distinction between some pairs (Chemical tests)
P.P. 14B.9 to 14B.15

Functional derivatives of Carboxylic acids

14 B.9 Functional derivatives of Carboxylic acids
14 B. 10 Acyl halides
14 B. 11 Acid anhydrides
14 B. 12 Esters
14 B. 13 Acid Amides
14 B. 14 Some Commercially important compounds

Conceptual Questions: 1 to 15

Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 23
Short Answer Questions : 31
Long Answer Questions : 16

Competition File
Typical questions
I Conversions I (i) to (iv) 2. (a) to (o)
II. Complete the reactions 1. (a) to (m)
III. Questions based on structure 1 to 8
IV. Other Questions 1 to 8

Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple questions: 48
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1
Part A: Aldehydes and Ketons

14A.1 Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones
14.2 Isomerism in aldehydes and ketones
Practice Problems 14A.1 to 14A. 6

Day 2

14.3 General methods of preparation of aldehydes and ketones
P.P 14A.7 to 14A.12

Day 3 &4

14.4 Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones
14.5 Chemical properties of aldehydes and ketones
P.P. 14A.13 to 14A.20

Day 5

14.6 Commercially important carbonyl compounds
14.7 Distinction between properties of aldehydes and ketones
14.8 Distinction between some pairs (Chemical tests)

Day 6

Conceptual Questions 12
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 31

Day 7

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 34

Day 8

Carboxylic acids and their derivatives

14 B.1 Carboxylic acids and
14 B. 2 Nomenclature of Carboxylic acids
P.P. 14B.1 to 14B.4

Day 9

14 B. 3 Preparation of Carboxylic acids
P.P. 14 B.5 to 14B.8
14 B.4 Physical properties of Carboxylic acids

Day 10

14 B.5 Chemical properties of Carboxylic acids
14 B.6 Some Commercially important Carboxylic acids
14 B.7 Distinction between alcohols, phenols and Carboxylic acids
14 B.8 Distinction between some pairs (Chemical tests)

Day 11

P.P. 14B.9 to 14B.15

Functional derivatives of Carboxylic acids

14 B.9 Functional derivatives of Carboxylic acids
14 B. 10 Acyl halides

Day 12
14 B. 11 Acid anhydrides

Dah 13
14 B. 12 Esters

Day 14
14 B. 13 Acid Amides

Day 15
14 B. 14 Some Commercially important compounds

Revision Period

Day 16

14B - Conceptual Questions: 1 to 15

Day 17
14B - Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 23

Day 18

14B - Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 1 to 15

Day 19
14B - Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 16 to 31

Day 20

14A Competition File: Some more important reactions
14A Competition File: Typical questions I. IUPAC Nomenclature a to o

Day 21
14A Competition File: Typical questions II Conversions a to p
Day 22
14A Competition File: Typical questions III. Questions based on structure 1 to 11
Day 23
14A Competition File: Typical questions IV. Complete the reactions a to q
Day 24
14A Competition File: Typical questions V. Other Questions 14

Day 25
14A Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions: 1to 25
Day 26
14A Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions: 26 to 55

Day 27
14AFill in the blanks: 15
14ATrue or False: 8

Day 28
14B - Competition File: Typical questions - I Conversions I (i) to (iv) 2. (a) to (o)

Day 29
14B - Competition File: Typical questions - II. Complete the reactions 1. (a) to (m)

Day 30
14B - Competition File: Typical questions - III. Questions based on structure 1 to 8

Special task (Four half hours)
14B - Competition File: Typical questions - IV. Other Questions 1 to 8

14B - Objective Questions: Multiple questions: 1 to 24
14B - Objective Questions: Multiple questions: 25 to 48

14B Fill in the blanks: 10
14B True or False: 10

JEE - Study Guide - 15. Organic Compounds with functional Groups Containing Nitrogen (Nitro, Amino, Cyano and Diazo Compounds)

2009-03-11T01:40:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter spread over three parts

Part A Nitro compounds

15A.1 Nomenclature of nitro compounds
15.2 Preparation of nitro compounds
15.3 Physical properties of nitro compounds
15.4 Chemical properties of nitro compounds
15.5 Uses of nitro compounds
15.6 Distinction between nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites
15.7 Some commercially important compounds

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 6
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 20
Short Answer Questions : 30
Long Answer Questions : 8

Competition File
Typical questions
Conversions: 2
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 15
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Part B Amines

15B.1 Nomenclature of amines
15.2 Isomerism in amines
15B.3 Preparation of amines
15B.4 Industrial Preparation of amines
15B.5 Physical properties of amines
15B.5B Chemical properties of amines
15B.6 Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines
15B.7 Separation of mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines
15B.8 Some commercially important compounds
15B.9 Distinction between pairs of compounds

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 16
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 30
Short Answer Questions: 48
Long Answer Questions : 25

Competition File
Typical questions
I. Conservsions: 3
II. Questions based on structure 3
III. Complete the reactions 2
IV. Other questions 13
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Part C. Cyanides and Isocyanides & Diazonium salts

Cyanides and Isocyanides
15C.1 Nomenclature of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.2 Preparation of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.3 Physical properties of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.4 Chemical properties of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.5 Uses of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.6 Distinction between cyanide and ethyl isocyanide
Practice Problems 15C.1 to 15C.4

Diazonium salts

15.7 Nomenclature Diazonium salts
15.8 Preparation of Diazonium salts
15.9 Physical properties of Diazonium salts
15.10 Chemical properties of Diazonium salts
15.11 Importance of Benzene Diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 4
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 20
Short Answer Questions : 28
Long Answer Questions 5

Competition File
Typical questions
I. Conservsions: 1
II. Questions based on structure 2

Objective Questions: Multiple choice 10
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Study Plan

Part A Nitro compounds

Day 1

15A.1 Nomenclature of nitro compounds
15.2 Preparation of nitro compounds
15.3 Physical properties of nitro compounds
Practice problems 15A.1 to 15A.4

Day 2
15.4 Chemical properties of nitro compounds
15.5 Uses of nitro compounds
15.6 Distinction between nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites

Day 3
15.7 Some commercially important compounds
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 6
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 20

Day 4
Short Answer Questions : 30

Day 5
Competition File
Typical questions
Conversions: 2
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 15
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Day 6

Part B Amines

15B.1 Nomenclature of amines
15.2 Isomerism in amines
15B.1 to 15B.3

Day 7
15B.3 Preparation of amines
15B.4 Industrial Preparation of amines
15B.5 Physical properties of amines

Day 8
15B.5B Chemical properties of amines

Day 9

15B.6 Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines
15B.7 Separation of mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines
15B.8 Some commercially important compounds
15B.9 Distinction between pairs of compounds

Day 10

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 16
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 30

Day 11

Part C. Cyanides and Isocyanides & Diazonium salts

Cyanides and Isocyanides
15C.1 Nomenclature of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.2 Preparation of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.3 Physical properties of Cyanides and Isocyanides

Day 12
15.4 Chemical properties of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.5 Uses of Cyanides and Isocyanides
15.6 Distinction between cyanide and ethyl isocyanide
Practice Problems 15C.1 to 15C.4

Day 13
Diazonium salts

15.7 Nomenclature Diazonium salts
15.8 Preparation of Diazonium salts
15.9 Physical properties of Diazonium salts
15.10 Chemical properties of Diazonium salts
15.11 Importance of Benzene Diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry

Day 14

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 4
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 20

Day 15

15B (Amines): Short Answer Questions: 48

Revision Peirod

Day 16
15B (Amines): Competition File
Typical questions
I. Conservsions: 3
II. Questions based on structure 3

Day 17
15B (Amines): Competition File
Typical questions

III. Complete the reactions 2
IV. Other questions 13

Day 18
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 1 to 20

Day 19

Objective Questions: Multiple choice 21 to 40

Day 20

Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 21

15c (Diazonium salts): Conceptual Questions with Answers: 4
Concept revision

Day 21
15c (Diazonium salts): Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 20

Day 22
15c (Diazonium salts): Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 28
Day 23
Competition File
Typical questions
I. Conservsions: 1
II. Questions based on structure 2

Day 24
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 10
Fill in the blanks: 5
True or False: 5

Day 25 to 30
Concept revision and test paper questions

JEE - Study Guide - 16. Polymers

2009-03-11T01:39:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter - Jauhar

16.1 Polymers
16.2 Classification of Polymers
16.3 General methods of Polymerisation
16.4 Mechanism of addition Polymerisation
16.5 Copolymers
16.6 Natural rubber
16.7 Condensation of Polymers
16.8 Molecular masses of Polymers
16.9 Biopolymers
16.10 Biodegradable Polymers
16.11 Some Commercially important Polymers

Practice problems 16.1 to 16.3
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 10
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 26
Short Answer Questions 53

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice 22
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

16.1 Polymers
16.2 Classification of Polymers
16.3 General methods of Polymerisation

Day 2
16.4 Mechanism of addition Polymerisation
16.5 Copolymers
16.6 Natural rubber

Day 3
16.7 Condensation of Polymers
16.8 Molecular masses of Polymers
16.9 Biopolymers
16.10 Biodegradable Polymers
Day 4

16.11 Some Commercially important Polymers

Day 5
Practice problems 16.1 to 16.3
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 10
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 15

Day 6
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 16 to 26

Day 7
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 30

Day 8
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 31 to 53

Day 9
Competition File: Objective Questions: Multiple choice 22
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Day 10
Concept Revision

Days 11 to 20
Test paper question solving

JEE - Study Guide - 17. Biomolecules

2009-03-11T01:32:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter - Jauhar

17.1 The Cell
17.2 Energy cycle
17.3 Carbohydrates
17.4 Monosaccharides
17.5 Disaccharides
17.6 Polysaccharides
17.7 Important functions of carbohydrates
17.8 Aminoacids
17.9 Structure of alpha-Amino acids
17.10 Peptides and proteins
17.11 Proteins
17.12 Classification of proteins
17.13 Structure of proteins
17.14 Forces that stabilize protein structures
17.15 Native states and denaturation of proteins
17.16 Enzymes
17.17 Nucleic acids
17.18 Structure of DNA
17.19 Lipids
17.20 Hormones
17.21 Vitamins

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 23
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 43
Short Answer Questions 80
Long Answer Questions

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 27
Fill in the blanks: 14
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

17.1 The Cell
17.2 Energy cycle
17.3 Carbohydrates
Day 2
17.4 Monosaccharides

Day 3
17.5 Disaccharides
17.6 Polysaccharides
17.7 Important functions of carbohydrates

Day 4
17.8 Aminoacids
17.9 Structure of alpha-Amino acids
17.10 Peptides and proteins
17.11 Proteins

Day 5
17.12 Classification of proteins
17.13 Structure of proteins
17.14 Forces that stabilize protein structures
17.15 Native states and denaturation of proteins

Day 6
17.16 Enzymes
17.17 Nucleic acids
17.18 Structure of DNA

Day 7
17.19 Lipids
17.20 Hormones
17.21 Vitamins

Day 8

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 23
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 20

Day 9

Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 21 to 43
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 10

Day 10
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 11 to 40

Revision Period
Day 11
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 41 to 60

Day 12
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 61 to 80

Day 13
Competition File:Objective Questions: Multiple choice: 27

Day 14
Fill in the blanks: 14
True or False: 10

Day 15 to 20
Concept revision and test paper question solving

IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 18. Chemistry in Everyday Life

2009-03-11T01:31:00.000-07:00

Sections in the chapter – Jauhar

18.1 Chemical medicines and health care
18.2 Dyes
18.3 Chemicals in Cosmetics
18.4 Advanced materials
18.5 Chemicals in food
18.6 Detergents
18.7 Insect repellants: pheromones and sex attractants
18.8 Chemistry of rocket propellants

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions : 40
Short Answer Questions : 59

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions 16
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 5

Study Plan

Day 1
18.1 Chemical medicines and health care

Day 2
18.2 Dyes
18.3 Chemicals in Cosmetics

Day 3
18.4 Advanced materials
18.5 Chemicals in food

Day 4
18.6 Detergents
18.7 Insect repellants: pheromones and sex attractants
18.8 Chemistry of rocket propellants

Conceptual Questions with Answers: 14

Day 5
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions : 40
Day 6

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 1 to 30

Day 7
Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions : 31 to 59

Day 8

Competition File:
Objective Questions: Multiple choice questions 16
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 5

Day 9
Concept Revision

Day 10
Test paper questions

Schrodinger’s Equation

2009-02-07T08:28:00.000-08:00

Quantum mechanics describes the spectra in a much better way than Bohr’s model.

Electron has a wave character as well as a particle character. The wave function of the electron ψ(r,t ) is obtained by solving Schrodinger’s wave equation. The probability of finding an electron is high where | ψ(r,t )|² is greater. Not only the information about the electron’s position but information about all the properties including energy etc. that we calculated using the Bohr’s postulates are contained in the wave function of ψ(r,t).

Quantum Mechanics of the Hydrogen Atom

The wave function of the electron ψ(r,t) is obtained from the Schrodinger’s equation

-(h²/8π²m) [∂²ψ /∂x² + ∂²ψ /∂y² + ∂²ψ/∂z²] - Ze²ψ/4πε₀r = E ψ

where
(x.y,z ) refers to a point with the nucleus as the origin and r is the distance of this point from the nucleus.
E refers to the energy.
Z is the number of protons.

There are infinite number of functions ψ(r,t) which satisfy the equations.

These functions may be characterized by three parameters n,l, and m_l.

For each combination of n,l, and m_l there is an associated unique value of E of the atom of the ion.

The energy of the wave function of characterized by n,l, and m_l depends only on n and may be written as

En = - mZ²e⁴/8 ε₀²h²n²

These energies are identical with Bohr’s model energies.

The paramer n is called the principal quantum number, l the orbital angular momentum quantum number and m_l. The magnetic quantum number.

When n = 1, the wave function of the hydrogen atom is

ψ(r) = ψ₁₀₀ = √(Z³/ π a₀²) *(e^{-r/ a₀})

ψ₁₀₀ denotes that n =1, l = 0 and m_l = 0

a₀ = Bohr radius

In quantum mechanics, the idea of orbit is invalid. At any instant the wve function is spread over large distances in space, and wherever ψ≠ 0, the presence of electron may be felt.

The probability of finding the electron in a small volume dV is | ψ(r)| ² dV
We can calculate the probability p(r)dr of finding the electron at a distance between r and r+dr from the nucleus.

In the ground state for hydrogen atom it comes out to be

P(r) = (4/ a₀)r²e ^{-2r/ a₀}

The plot of P(r) versus r shows that P(r) is maximum at r = a₀ Which the Bohr’s radius.

But when we put n =2, the maximum probability comes at two radii one near r = a₀ and the other at r = 5.4 a₀. According to Bohr model all electrons should be at r = 4 a₀.

Carboxylic Acids - Physical Properties - Revision Points

2009-02-01T08:37:00.000-08:00

a. Physical state and smell

The first three members are colourless liquids and have pungent smell. The next six members are oily liquids with a faint unpleasant odour.

Still higher acids are colourless waxy solids.

Benzoic acids and its homologues are colourless solids.

b. Boiling points

They have higher boiling points than the corresponding alcohols of comparable molecular masses.

Carboxylic acids have higher boiling points due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Due to the hydrogen bonding, carboxylic acids exist as dimers.

c. Melting point

In the case of first ten carboxylic acids, the melting points of acids containing even number of carbon atoms is higher than the next lower and higher member containing odd number of carbon atoms.

The melting and boiling points of aromatic acids are usually higher than those of aliphatic acids of comparable molecular masses.

d. Solubility in water

The first four members of aliphatic carboxylic acids are very soluble in water. The solubility in water decreases gradually with rise in molecular mass. All are soluble in alcohol or ether.

Benzoic acid is sparingly soluble in cold water but is soluble in hot water, alcohol and ether.

Ask questions and answer questions about IIT JEE Subjects

2009-01-01T00:40:00.000-08:00

KNOL QUESTION AND ANSWER BOARD
http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-kvss/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/654#

Organic Chemistry - Arihant Prakashan- Book Information and Review

2008-12-28T17:02:00.000-08:00

I read the first five chapters so far. It is good material.

R.C. Mukherjee, Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations Book Information and Review

2008-12-28T16:59:00.000-08:00

For problems in Physical Chemistry

Physical chemistry- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:56:00.000-08:00

Text books

NCERT XI and XII

Jauhar

Arihant Prakashan

R.C. Mukherjee, Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

Physical Chemistry - General topics- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:54:00.000-08:00

The concept of atoms and molecules; Dalton's atomic theory;

Mole concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations (based on mole concept) involving common oxidation-reduction, neutralisation, and displacement reactions;

Concentration in terms of mole fraction, molarity, molality and normality.

Gaseous and Liquid states- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:52:00.000-08:00

Absolute scale of temperature, ideal gas equation; Deviation from ideality, van der Waals equation; Kinetic theory of gases, average, root mean square and most probable velocities and their relation with temperature;

Law of partial pressures; Vapour pressure; Diffusion of gases.

Atomic structure and chemical bonding- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:51:00.000-08:00

Bohr model, spectrum of hydrogen atom, quantum numbers; Wave-particle duality, de Broglie hypothesis; Uncertainty principle; Quantum mechanical picture of hydrogen atom (qualitative treatment), shapes of s, p and d orbitals; Electronic configurations of elements (up to atomic number 36); Aufbau principle; Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule;

Orbital overlap and covalent bond; Hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals only; Orbital energy diagrams for homonuclear diatomic species; Hydrogen bond; Polarity in molecules, dipole moment (qualitative aspects only); VSEPR model and shapes of molecules (linear, angular, triangular, square planar, pyramidal, square pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral and octahedral).

Energetics- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:49:00.000-08:00

First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat, pressure-volume work; Enthalpy, Hess's law; Heat of reaction, fusion and vapourization; Second law of thermodynamics; Entropy; Free energy; Criterion of spontaneity.

Chemical equilibrium- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:48:00.002-08:00

Law of mass action; Equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier's principle (effect of concentration, temperature and pressure); Significance of DG and DGo in chemical equilibrium;

Solubility product, common ion effect, pH and buffer solutions; Acids and bases (Bronsted and Lewis concepts); Hydrolysis of salts.

Electrochemistry- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:48:00.001-08:00

Electrochemical cells and cell reactions; Electrode potentials; Nernst equation and its relation to DG; Electrochemical series, emf of galvanic cells; Faraday's laws of electrolysis; Electrolytic conductance, specific, equivalent and molar conductance, Kohlrausch's law; Concentration cells.

Chemical Kinetics- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:47:00.000-08:00

Rates of chemical reactions; Order of reactions; Rate constant; First order reactions; Temperature dependence of rate constant (Arrhenius equation).

Solid State- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:46:00.000-08:00

Classification of solids, crystalline state, seven crystal systems (cell parameters a, b, c, a, b, g), close packed structure of solids (cubic), packing in fcc, bcc and hcp lattices; Nearest neighbours, ionic radii, simple ionic compounds, point defects.

Solutions- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:45:00.000-08:00

Raoult's law;
Molecular weight determination from lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point.

Surface chemistry- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:44:00.000-08:00

Elementary concepts of adsorption (excluding adsorption isotherms); Colloids: types, methods of preparation and general properties; Elementary ideas of emulsions, surfactants and micelles (only definitions and examples).

Nuclear Chemistry- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T16:43:00.000-08:00

Radioactivity: isotopes and isobars; Properties of a, b and g rays; Kinetics of radioactive decay (decay series excluded), carbon dating; Stability of nuclei with respect to proton-neutron ratio; Brief discussion on fission and fusion reactions.

Inorganic Chemistry - Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T07:28:00.000-08:00

Textbooks

NCERT Books for XI and XII

Jauhar for XI and XII

Arihant Prakashan

Inorganic Chemistry for Competitions by O P Tandon, G.R. Bathla & Sons, Meerut

Preparation and Properties of Compounds of Metals- Study Guide - IIT JEE

2008-12-28T07:26:00.000-08:00

Preparation and properties of the following compounds: Oxides, peroxides, hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of
sodium,
potassium,
magnesium and
calcium;

compounds of Aluminium: alumina, aluminium chloride and alums;