JEE - Study Guide - 14. Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles

Sections in the chapter


14.1 Tetravalency of Carbon
14.2 Hybridization and Shapes of Molecules
14.3 Structural Representation of Organic Compounds
14.4 Functional Group
14.5 Homologous Series
14.6 Different Classes of Aliphatic Compounds and Their Nomenclature
14.7 General Rules for Naming Organic Compounds
14.8 Writing Structural Formula from the Name of the Compound
14.9 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
14.10 Isomerism
14.11 Electron Displacement in Covalent Bonds
14.12 Types of Bond Fission
14.13 Types of Attacking Reagents
14.14 Types of Organic Reactions


Conceptual Questions with Answers: 18
Additional Numerical Problems for Practice:
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions 40
Short Answer Questions 40
Long Answer Questions 14

Competition File
Numerical Problems
Objective Questions: 40
Fill in the blanks: 10
True or False: 10

Study Plan

Day 1

14.1 Tetravalency of Carbon
14.2 Hybridization and Shapes of Molecules
Ex. 14.1, 14.2
Practice Problems 14.1 to 4

Day 2

14.3 Structural Representation of Organic Compounds
Ex. 14.3 to 6
14.4 Functional Group
14.5 Homologous Series

Day 3

PP. 14.5 to 14.8
14.6 Different Classes of Aliphatic Compounds and Their Nomenclature
1. Hydrocarbons and 2 alkyl halides

Day 4

14.6 contd. 3 and 4
14.7 General Rules for Naming Organic Compounds

Day 5

14.7 contd.

Day 6

14.8 Writing Structural Formula from the Name of the Compound
14.9 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds

Day 7

Nomenclature Revision

Day 8

14.10 Isomerism

Day 9

14.11 Electron Displacement in Covalent Bonds

Day 10

14.12 Types of Bond Fission
14.13 Types of Attacking Reagents

Day 11

14.14 Types of Organic Reactions

Day 12

Conceptual Questions 1 to 18
Revision Exercises:Very Short Answer questions 1 to 30


Day 13
Revision Exercises:Very Short Answer questions 31 to 40

Revision Exercises: Short Answer Questions 1 to 40

Day 14

Competition File: Objective Questions: 40

Day 15

Competition File: Fill in the blanks: 10
Competition File: True or False: 10


Revision Period

Days 16 to 30

Revision and test paper problems solving

Organic Chemistry Concepts - General Organic Chemistry - - Study Guide - IIT JEE

Hybridisation of carbon; Sigma and pi-bonds; Shapes of molecules;

Structural and geometrical isomerism; Optical isomerism of compounds containing up to two asymmetric centers, (R,S and E,Z nomenclature excluded);

Conformations of ethane and butane (Newman projections);

IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds (only hydrocarbons, mono-functional and bi-functional compounds);



Resonance and hyperconjugation; Keto-enol tautomerism;

Determination of empirical and molecular formula of simple compounds (only combustion method);

Hydrogen bonds: definition and their effects on physical properties of alcohols and carboxylic acids;

Inductive and resonance effects on acidity and basicity of organic acids and bases;

Polarity and inductive effects in alkyl halides;

Reactive intermediates produced during homolytic and heterolytic bond cleavage; Formation, structure and stability of carbocations, carbanions and free radicals.

General Organic Chemistry

The chapters that deal with concepts applicable to all the organic compounds may be grouped under the head General Organic Chemistry. Six posts follow this chapter to cover various concepts applicable to all the compounds. All the posts are revision points only. The detailed reading of the material has to be done from the text books.

Concept of Acids and Bases - Application to Organic Compounds

Bronsted-Lowry theory

Acid is a proton donor and based is proton acceptor.
Any compound that has a hydrogen atom can act as a Bronsted-Lowry acid.
Hence H-A is used as general representation for an acid (H represents hydrogen)

Lewis Theory
According to Lewis theory, any molecule that has an electron deficient atom (site) that can accept a pair of electrons, is an acid.

Conjugate acid

Conjugate base

Acidity constant

Ph value

The effects of structure of the molecule on the strengths of acids and bases

Acids and Bases - Videos on Knol

Bonding Concepts - Organic Compounds

Valency

Electronegativity
polarity
Dipole momennt

Atomic orbitals
Molecular orbitals

Hybridisation

Resonance